REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: MALE REPRODUCTIVE

Question 1

the testes in males and the ovaries in females produce __ or reproductive cells

Answer 1

gametes

Question 2

the formation of gametes in males and females occurs by a type of cell division called

Answer 2

meiosis

Question 3

before meiosis begins, all the chromosome in these cells are duplicated, creating identical copies of each chromosome, called __

Answer 3

chromatids

Question 4

during meiosis, one cell divides twice to produce _ daughter cells

Answer 4

4

Question 5

during the first division of meiosis, the number of chromosomes in each cell is reduced from 46 to

Answer 5

23 total chromosomes

Question 6

the two divisions of meiosis are called

Answer 6

meiosis 1 and 2

Question 7

the male reproductive system consists of

Answer 7

testes
series of ducts including the epididymides
ducta deferentia
urethra
accessory glands (seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, and supporting structures which are the penis and scrotum)

Question 8

this supporting structure is a saclike structure containing the testes ; it is divided into right and left internal compartments by an incomplete connective tissue septum

Answer 8

scrotum

Question 9

the wall of the scrotum includes the skin, a layer of loose connective tissue, and a layer of smooth muscle called the __ which contracts during cold temperatures

Answer 9

dartos muscle

Question 10

these muscles are the extensions of abdominal skeletal muscles which are extensions of abdominal skeletal muscles into the scrotum, contract and pull the testes nearer the body

Answer 10

cremaster muscles

Question 11

component of the repro system which is also called male gonads ; oval organs each about 4-5cm long, within the scrotum

Answer 11

testes

Question 12

the lobules contain __ which is the site of sperm cell development

Answer 12

seminiferous tubules

Question 13

located outside the seminiferous tubules are endocrine cells called

Answer 13

interstitial cells or leydig cells

Question 14

the formation of sperm cells

Answer 14

spermatogenesis

Question 15

the seminiferous tubules contain two types of cells called

Answer 15

germ cells
sustentacular cells or sertoli cells

Question 16

this kind of cell in the seminiferous tubule are the ones that divide and differentiate during spermatogenesis to form sperm cells

Answer 16

germ cells

Question 17

this kind of cell in the seminiferous tubule are large and extend from the periphery to the lumen of the seminiferous tubule ; they nourish the germ cells and produce a number of hormones

Answer 17

sustentacular cells

Question 18

just anterior to the nucleus is a vesicle called the _ which contains enzymes that are released during the process of fertilization and are necessary for the sperm cell to penetrate the oocyte or egg cell

Answer 18

acrosome

Question 19

after their production, sperm cells are transported through the seminiferous tubules and a series of _ to the exterior of the body

Answer 19

ducts

Question 20

the seminiferous tubules of each testis converge into a tubular network called the

Answer 20

rete testis

Question 21

the rete testis empties into 15-20 tubules called the

Answer 21

efferent tubules

Question 22

the efferent ductules carry sperm cells from the testis to a tightly coiled series of threadlike tubules that form a comma shaped structure on the posterior side of the testis called

Answer 22

epididymis

Question 23

final changes in sperm cells, called __ occur after ejaculation of semen into the vagina and prior to fertilization

Answer 23

capacitation

Question 24

it is a tube that carries sperm from the testis into the body cavity of the male ; the total length is about 45cm

Answer 24

ductus deferens or vas deferens

Question 25

the ductus deferens emerges from the epididymis and ascends along the posterior side of the testis where it becomes associated with the blood vessels and nerves that supply the testis to form the

Answer 25

spermatic cord

Question 26

near its end, the ductus deferens increases in diameter to become the

Answer 26

ampulla of the ductus deferens

Question 27

near the ampulla of each ductus deferens is a sac-shaped gland called the

Answer 27

seminal vesicle

Question 28

the ducts form the seminal vesicle and the ampulla of the ductus deferens joins at the prostate gland to form the ; each enters the prostate gland and joins the urethra

Answer 28

ejaculatory duct

Question 29

the __ extends from the urinary bladder to the distal end of the penis

Answer 29

male urethra

Question 30

three parts of male urethra

Answer 30

prostatic urethra membranous urethra spongy urethra

Question 31

this part of the urethra passes through the prostate gland

Answer 31

prostatic urethra

Question 32

this part of the urethra passes through the floor of the pelvis and is surrounded by the external urinary sphincter

Answer 32

membranous urethra

Question 33

this part of the urethra extends the length of the penis and opens at its end

Answer 33

spongy urethra

Question 34

this is the male organ of copulation and functions in the transfer of sperm cells from the male to the female

Answer 34

penis

Question 35

the penis contains 3 columns of erectile tissue

Answer 35

2 corpora cavernosa 1 corpus spongiosum

Question 36

engorgement of this erectile tissue with blood causes the penis to enlarge and become firm, a process called

Answer 36

erection

Question 37

two columns of erectile tissue form the dorsal portion and the sides of the penis are called the

Answer 37

corpora cavernosa

Question 38

the third, smaller erectile column occupies the ventral portion of the penis and is called the

Answer 38

corpus spongiosum

Question 39

the corpus spongiosum expands over the distal end of the penis to form a cap, which is called the

Answer 39

glans penis

Question 40

the spongy urethra passes through the corpus spongiosum including the glans penis and opens to the exterior as the

Answer 40

external urethral office

Question 41

a loose fold of skin, called the __ covers the glans penis is well supplied with sensory receptors

Answer 41

prepuce or foreskin

Question 42

it is the surgical removal of the prepuce, usually shortly after birth

Answer 42

circumcision

Question 43

consists of both glandular and muscular tissue and is about the size and shape of a walnut ; surrounds the urethra and the two ejaculatory ducts, consists of a capsule and numerous partitions

Answer 43

prostate gland

Question 44

are a pair of small, mucus secreting gland located near the base of the penis

Answer 44

bulbourethral glands or cowper glands

Question 45

a mixture of sperm cells and secretion form the male reproductive glands

Answer 45

semen

Question 46

the normal volume of semen is

Answer 46

2-5 milliliters with 100 million sperm cells each mL

Question 47

what are the functions of seminal vesicles

Answer 47

nourishment of sperm cells coagulation of semen movement of sperm cells

Question 48

the time period during which individuals become capable of sexual reproduction

Answer 48

puberty

Question 49

the major male hormone secreted by the testes ; influences reproductive organs and nonreproductive structures

Answer 49

testosterone

Question 50

are those structural and behavioral changes other than in the reproductive organs, that develop at puberty and distinguish males from females

Answer 50

secondary sexual characteristics

Question 51

is the movement of sperm cells, mucus, prostatic secretions, and seminal vesicle secretion into the prostatic, membranous, and spongy urethra ; stimulated by sympathetic action potentials

Answer 51

emission

Question 52

the forceful expulsion of the secretions that have accumulated in the urethra to the exterior ; results from contraction of smooth muscle in the wall of the urethra and skeletal muscles surrounding the base of the penis

Answer 52

ejaculation

Question 53

sensations, normally interpreted as pleasurable, occur during the male sex act and result in an intense sensation called an

Answer 53

orgasm or climax

Question 54

this phase occurs after ejaculation ; penis becomes flaccid, an overall feeling of satisfaction exists, and the male is unable to achieve erection and a second ejaculation

Answer 54

resolution

Question 55

when this occurs, the penis becomes enlarged and rigid ; the first major component of the male sex act

Answer 55

erection

Question 56

blood then fills small venous sinuses called __ in the erectile tissue

Answer 56

sinusoids

Question 57

failure to achieve erections or ___ can be a major source of frustration

Answer 57

erectile dysfunction or impotence

Question 58

the inability or the reduced ability to produce offspring

Answer 58

infertility

Question 59

fertility can be achieved by collecting several ejaculations and concentrating the sperm cells before inserting them into the female reproductive tract, a process called

Answer 59

artificial insemination