Reproductive Systems Flashcards
What are the two roles of the Testes
Spermatogenesis (synthesis of sperm), & Secretion of male sex hormones (androgens)
What is the site of spermatogenesis within the testes?
The Seminiferous Tubules
What cells are responsible for androgen synthesis? Where are they located?
Interstitial cells within the testicular interstitium.
Seminal Vesicles
Located on the surface of the bladder, they secrete aprox 60% of the semen volume into the ejaculatory duct.
What 3 glands produces semen?
Seminal vesicles, the prostate, bulbourethral glands.
What three compartments contain erectile tissues?
Corpora Cavernosa (2), and the Corpus Spongiosum (1)
What system controls the arousal stage of the male sexual act? What are the 2 stages of arousal?
Parasympathetic Nervous System,. Two stages: Erection, Lubrication.
What system is responsible for the stimulation required for orgasm and resolution?
Sympathetic Nervous System
What is the fusion of a spermatozoa and an ova called?
Syngamy
What are the roles of the 5 sperm precursors?
Spermatagonium (mitotic reproduction, replicate dna in s phase of meiosis), Primary Spermatocyte (meiosis I), Secondary Spermatocyte (meiosis 2), spermatid (becomes spermatozoan), Spermatozoan (finishes maturing)
Acrosome
Compartment of the head of a sperm which contains enzymes necessary for hyrdolytic activity to penetrate the Ovum’s outer layers
What plays the essential role in stimulating division of spermatogonia?
Testosterone
What are the roles of Luteinizing Hormone & FOllicle Stiumlating Hormone in regards to testosterone?
LH stimulates the interstitial cells to secrete testosterone, FSH stimulates the substenaclular cells.
What must testosterone be converted into in order to exert its effect?
dihydrotestosterone
What are the 3 main fetal precursors to reproductive organs?
Wolffian ducts, The Mullerian ducts, and the gonads
During puberty & adult life, sex steroid production is controlled by what?
The Hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone:
originates in the hypothalamus and stimulates the pituitary to release the gonadotropins FSH & LH
What are the roles of FSH & LH in females?
FSH stimulates the granulosa cells to secrete estrogen, the LH stimulates the formation of the corpus luteum and progesterone secretion.
