Research and Program evaluation

Question 1

the process of gathering data in order to make evaluative comparisons regarding different situations

Answer 1

Experimental research

Question 2

T/T An experiment attempts to eliminate all extraneous variables.

Answer 2

T

Question 3

The researcher uses preexisting groups and hence the IV (independent variable) cannot be altered (ie..gender or ethnicity). What type of experiment is this:

Answer 3

quasi- experiment

Question 4

In a quasi experiment you cannot state with any degree of statistical confidence that the IV caused the DV- T/F

Answer 4

T

Question 5

Ex post facto study is what type of experiment?

Answer 5

Quasi- experimental

Question 6

Ex post facto means…

Answer 6

after the fact

Question 7

maturation of subjects, fatigue, subjects withdrawing, instruments used to measure behavior, all would result in a threat to ….

Answer 7

internal validity

Question 8

______Refers to whether the DVs were truly influenced by the experimental IVs or whether other factors had an impact.

Answer 8

Internal validity

Question 9

______ refers to whether the experimental research results can be generalized to larger populations (other people, settings or conditions)

Answer 9

External validity

Question 10

_______ refers to statistical procedures that use the important or underlying “factors” in an attempt to summarize a lot of variables.

Answer 10

Factor analysis

Question 11

A test which measures a counselor’s ability tries to describe the 3 most important variables that make an effective helper

Answer 11

factor analysis

Question 12

important variables can also be called _____

Answer 12

factors

Question 13

factors may also be called_______-

Answer 13

variables

Question 14

a nonparametric statistical measure that tests whether a distribution differs significantly from an expected theoretical distribution

Answer 14

chi-square

Question 15

Experiments emphasize parsimony- meaning

Answer 15

interpreting the results in the simplest way

Question 16

Parsimony can also be called______

Answer 16

Occam’s Razor

Question 17

flaws in research are often called______

Answer 17

bubbles

Question 18

_______ occurs when a undesirable variable which is not controlled by the researcher is introduced in the experiment.

Answer 18

confounding

Question 19

______ research is conducted to advance our understanding of theory

Answer 19

Basic

Question 20

_____ is conducted to advance our knowledge of how theories skills and techniques an be used in terms of practical application. LETS MAKE THIS APPLICABLE FOLKS!

Answer 20

applied research

Question 21

In experimental nomenclature IV stands for ….

Answer 21

Independent variable

Question 22

In experimental terminology DV stands for…

Answer 22

dependent variable

Question 23

A variable is a factor capable of….

Answer 23

change

Question 24

The IV is the variable that the researcher, experimenter ….

Answer 24

controls, manipulates, experiments with.

Question 25

DV memory device

Answer 25

D could stand for Data

Question 26

IV memory device-

Answer 26

I manipulate the variable- the IV

Question 27

a causal comparative design

Answer 27

a true experiment such as biofeedback research

Question 28

T/F Data gleaned from the causal comparative ex post facto can be analyzed with a t- test or ANOVA

Answer 28

T

Question 29

1*subjects are informed of any risks 2*negative after-effects are removed 3*you will allow subjects to withdraw at any time 4*confidentiality of subjects will be protected 5*results of research reports will be presented in accurate format that is not misleading 6*you will use only techniques that you are trained in These are an example of......

Answer 29

code of ethics for experimenters

Question 30

______ is considered a necessary factor for professionalism in counseling

Answer 30

research

Question 31

control group needs 15 people, experimenter group needs 15

Answer 31

T

Question 32

If you can't randomly assign subjects to either group it is ______ experiment

Answer 32

Quasi experiment

Question 33

How many people do most experts say are needed to conduct a true experiment?

Answer 33

30

Question 34

a survey should include how many people?

Answer 34

100

Question 35

Hypothesis testing is closely related to who's work?

Answer 35

RA Fisher memory device- gonna fish for the hypotheses answer.

Question 36

A statement that can be tested regarding the relationship of the IV and DV:

Answer 36

Hypothesis

Question 37

The IV does not affect the DV- this is called ______________ hypothesis.

Answer 37

The Null hypothesis

Question 38

What kind of study would study the results of several other studies?

Answer 38

Meta analysis

Question 39

Descriptive statistics describes:

Answer 39

data- like the mean, mode, median

Question 40

One needs _______ statistics in order to compare 2 groups.

Answer 40

inferential statistics

Question 41

_________ is a value obtained from a population while a statistic is drawn from a sample.

Answer 41

parameter

Question 42

level of confidence means....

Answer 42

level of significance

Question 43

type 1 error- Alpha- occurs when....

Answer 43

you reject null and its true

Question 44

type 1 error- Alpha- occurs when....

Answer 44

you reject null (DV was not affected by IV)333 and its true

Question 45

Type 1 error is also called...

Answer 45

Alpha

Question 46

Type 2 error is called-

Answer 46

Beta

Question 47

test used to ascertain whether two sample means are significantly different

Answer 47

t-test

Question 48

If the t value obtained statistically with the t table- is lower than the t value (sometimes called critical t) then the null is a. accepted b. rejected

Answer 48

null is accepted

Question 49

``` in order to reject null my number must ________ the number cited in the table a. exceed b. be the same as c. be less than ```

Answer 49

exceed

Question 50

The results of an ANOVA yield an ....

Answer 50

F statistic