Research Methods Past Paper MCQs Flashcards
(45 cards)
What type of data can researchers use as the dependent variable in multiple regression?
a. Qualitative
b. Nominal
c. Polymnominal
d. Interval
Interval
If you reject the null hypothesis, when it is in fact correct, this is known as a:
a. Type 1 error
b. Type 11 error
c. Cronbach’s Alpha
d. Roy’s Largest Root
Type 1 error
In the context of ANOVA, SS is an abbreviation of which term? a. Subtracted Sum b. Squared Statistic c. Sum of Squares d Square Root of the Sum
Sum of squares
If a researcher wanted to examine the differences in mental toughness scores between independent groups of footballers (1st team, 2nd team, and 3rd team players) which test could she choose?
a. One way independent ANOVA
b. Repeated measures ANOVA
c. Multiple regression
d. t test
One way independent ANOVA
Conducting multiple t tests in place of the more appropriate omnibus test increases what? a. Validity b. Family wise error rate c. Reliability d. Internal consistency
Familywise error rate
A researcher conducts a study that has two factors. Each factor has two levels. What type of ANOVA would be appropriate?
a. A 3x2 Independent ANOVA
b. A 2x3 Independent ANOVA
c. A 3x3 Independent ANOVA
d. A 2x2 Independent ANOVA
A 2x2 Independent ANOVA
Levene’s test for equality of variances is used to test if:
a. The assumption of homogeneity of variance has been satisfied
b. The assumption of independence has been satisfied
c. The assumption of equality of medians has been satisfied
d. The assumption of normality has been satisfied
The assumption of homogeneity of variance has been satisfied
In which method of multiple regression are all the independent variables are entered simultaneously?
a. Stepwise multiple regression
b. Regression to the mean
c. Forced entry regression
d. Hierarchical multiple regression
Forced entry regression
What does ΔR2 mean? Sum of R2 Change in R2 Square root of R2 None of the above
Change in R2
Which effect size might you wish to report if you are conducting a one way independent ANOVA? Omega squared Cohen’s d Hedge’s g Pillai’s Trace
Cohen’s d
Which of the following is not an assumption of ANOVA?
a. Independence of observations
b. Normality
c. Homoscedasticity
d. Sample size
Sample size
What is the population variance of these numbers: 1, 2, 3
0.667
1
3
Impossible to calculate from the information provided
0.667
What is the sample variance of these three numbers: 1, 2, 3:
a. 0.667
b. 1
c. 3
d. Impossible to calculate from the information provided
1
Which test statistic is associated with ANOVA? F test t test r b
F test
If a researcher failed to reject a false null hypothesis, this would be:
a. Type I error
b. Type II error
c. Cronbach’s alpha
d. Box’s M
A type II error
The equation for a family wise error is:
a. 1 x (1- α)n
b. 1 + (1- α)n
c. 1 / (1- α)n
d. 1 - (1- α)n
1 - (1- α)n
In multiple regression casewise diagnostics, if residuals are normally distributed then you would expect approximately 95% of the standardized residuals to be within which range?
a. 0 to 0.05
b. -2 to +2
c. +2 to +4
d. -1 to +1
-2 to +2
Shapiro Wilks test can be used to examine which assumption?
a. Multicollinearity of residuals
b. Independence
c. Internal consistency
d. Normality
Normality
Tests in which the distributions of the variables being assessed are assumed to fit a probability distribution (e.g., a normal distribution) are commonly known as what?
a. Non parametric tests
b. Parametric tests
c. Robust statistics
d. Non robust statistics
Parametric tests
If data are measured on a scale that does not involve equal units (i.e. nominal or ordinal scales) what type of test should a researcher use?
a. Parametric statistics
b. Non parametric statistics
c. Grounded theory
d. Quasi experimental
Non-parametric statistics
A major advantage of ANOVA is that it can:
Be conducted with zero chance of a type I error
Be conducted with a zero chance of type II error
Both A and B
Compare the data from more than two conditions with a single test
Compare the data from more than two conditions with a single test
An F ratio can be calculated using which equation?
a. Variability between treatment conditions divided by variability within treatment conditions
b. Variability between treatment conditions multiplied by variability within treatment conditions
c. The sum of the variability between treatment conditions and the variability within treatment conditions
d. The sum of squares of the variability between treatment conditions divided and the variability within treatment conditions
Variability between treatment conditions divided by variability within treatment conditions
A researcher conducts a study to compare the bone mineral density of women with different diets. Twenty-four participants had one of the three following diet types: Vegan, Vegetarian, Fruitarian. In the current study design identify the dependent variable.
a. Diet type
b. Bone mineral density
c. Twenty-four participants
d. Gender
Bone mineral density
A researcher conducts a study to compare the power of men with different training regimes. Thirty participants had one of three training programs; plyometrics, resistance band exercises, or Pilates. In the current study design identify the number of factors and levels.
a. 2 factors (3x2 levels)
b. 1 factor (3 levels)
c. 1 factor (2 levels)
d. 3 factors (2x3x3 levels)
1 factor (3 levels)
