Research Methods (PMT Definitions)

Question 1

Observation

Answer 1

Data collection where participant behaviour is observed

Question 2

Controlled observation

Answer 2

Participants are observed in a lab

Question 3

Advantages of controlled observation

Answer 3

Increased control

Increased reliability

Question 4

Disadvantages of controlled observation

Answer 4

Decreased external validity

Decreased ecological validity

Question 5

Covert observation

Answer 5

Observer is hidden and participants do not know they are being observed

Question 6

Advantages of covert observations

Answer 6

Reduces demand characteristics

Question 7

Disadvantages of covert observations

Answer 7

Ethical issues (consent)

Question 8

Field experiment

Answer 8

Experiment conducted in a real life setting

Question 9

Advantages of field experiments

Answer 9

External validity increased

Ecological validity increased

Question 10

Disadvantages of field experiments

Answer 10

Reduced control of extraneous variables

Question 11

Experiment

Answer 11

Type of investigation where a hypothesis is tested by manipulating IV to see effect on DV

Question 12

Naturalistic observation

Answer 12

Participants are observed in their natural environment

Question 13

Advantages of naturalistic observation

Answer 13

Increased external validity

Increased ecological validity