Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

NURSING > RESEARCH: TEST 1 > Flashcards

RESEARCH: TEST 1 Flashcards

(64 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

The SYSTEMATIC USE OF DATA to monitor the OUTCOMES OF CARE processes as well as the use of improvement methods to design and test changes in prated, the aim of which is to CONTINUOUSLY IMPROVE THE QUALITY AND SAFETY of health care systems.

A

Quality Improvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Criteria for Assessing Evidence

A

Quality, Quantity, and Consistency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the extent to which a study’s design, implementation, and analysis minimizes biases

A

Quality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the number of studies that have evaluated the research question, including overall sample size across studies, as well as the strength of the findings from data analyses

A

Quantity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the degree to which other studies, with similar or different designs, investigating the same research question report similar findings

A

Consistency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Quantitative or Qualitative: Living with terminal cancer: the experience of hospice patients

A

Qualitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Quantitative or Qualitative: Level of cancer pain, symptoms, and functional status in terminal patients cared for in a hospice

A

Quantitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Independent Variable

A

the cause or the phenomenon that has an effect on the dependent variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Dependent Variable

A

Not manipulated but observed

Considered to be the outcome of interest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

X or Y: The IV is often manipulated

A

X - Independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

X or Y: Varies depending on the IV

A

Y - Dependent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Type of Research Question: Is there a relationship between class size and student achievement of course objectives?

A

Correlational

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Type of Research Question: Is there a difference in GPA between students that attend all classes and those that attend 75% of classes?

A

Difference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Do students who participate in a self-efficacy intervention achieve higher grades than students that receive usual instruction?

A

Experimental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the initial feelings of students that learn they have passed the NCLEX exam?

A

Qualitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

3 types of Quantitative Research Questions

A

Correlational
Comparative
Experimental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Quantitative or Qualitative: What is it like to live with a specific IV?

A

Qualitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Types of Hypotheses

A

Directional, Non-directional, Null (statistical hypothesis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Type of Hypothesis: specifies the relationship between the IV and the DV, often the most common.

Look for words like - more than, greater than, fewer

A

Directional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Type of Hypothesis: the direction is not stated

A

Non-Directional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Type of Hypothesis: states that there is no relationship between the IV and the DV

A

Null (statistical hypothesis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Type of Hypothesis: There are significant differences in self-reported cancer pain between men and women.

A

Non-directional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Type of Hypothesis: Nurses with high social support from coworkers will have lower job stress

A

Directional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Type of Hypothesis: There is no difference in the latency of a 24 IV lock when flushed with heparinized saline vs normal saline

A

Null (statistical hypothesis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Are hypothesis ever proven?
NO
26
What is critical to building evidence?
Replication of Research
27
PICO questions are a type of research question that focuses on ______
Clinical Questions
28
T or F: Hypotheses can be supported or rejected based on a study
True
29
Deductive Structured Larger Sample Based on research questions or hypothesis Collect data with formal instruments under specific procedures Statistical Analysis
Quantitative Research
30
``` Inductive Fluid, Flexible Smaller Sample Approach the research without preconceived ideas "explorative" Open ended observations or interviewing Analysis of narrative findings ```
Qualitative
31
Internal Validity
The degree to which the IV or the experiment resulted in the outcome of DV rather than an uncontrolled or confounding effect
32
External Validity
The degree to which the findings of a study can be generalized to other groups
33
A sample that is too small is more prone to a (Type I or Type II) error
Type II | "under powered"
34
The ability of a study to detect a difference that really exists
Power analysis
35
(Probability or Non-probability) Everyone does not have an equal chance and the results have more limited generalizability
Non-probability
36
(Probability or Non-probability) Everyone in the population has an equal and independent chance of being selected. Chosen by random selection (different from random assignment)
Probability
37
Most common type of sample in non-experimental research Most likely to contain bias You choose who is available or willing (volunteers) Some convenience samples are better than others
Convenience
38
(Purposive or Quota) Specific targets to be met Often set based on the % in the population
Quota
39
Common quotas
related to gender, ethnicity, age
40
(Purposive or Quota) Based on specific criteria Best when studying a relatively rare phenomenon and the sample is fairly homogenous
Purposive
41
(Simple or Stratified Random Sample) The researcher determines the population, lists all of the eligible subjects (SAMPLING FRAME), and selects a sample (subset) Use a random number table or a computer generated table to choose the sample Often is difficult to get a list of all units in a population
Simple Random Sampling
42
SRS done within groups | Stratified by gender, race, religion, SES, Education level
Stratified Random Sample
43
Cluster (Multistage) Sampling or Systematic Sample: Randomly select units then randomly select patients *often used when there is the potential of communication b/w groups or "contamination" of the intervention
Probability Sampling II - Cluster Sampling (Multistage)
44
Cluster (Multistage) Sampling or Systematic Sample: | Select every K participant from a random list
Systematic Sample
45
``` (Probability or Non-Probability) Convenience Quota Purposive Systematic Snowball Matching ```
Non-Probability
46
``` (Probability or Non-Probability) Simple Random Sampling Stratified Random Sampling Cluster Sampling (Multistage) Systematic Sample ```
Probability
47
3 Major Types of Reliability
Internal Consistency/Homogeniety Stability Equivalence
48
3 Types of Validity
Content Criterion Construct
49
(Content, Criterion, or Construct) Begin by defining the dimensions of the concept Usually assessed by: a panel of experts might calculated the content valid index (should be above .78) A simpler less precise measure is referred to as face validity
Content
50
(Content, Criterion, or Construct) Use of an external comparison (gold standard) that is known to measure the concept i.e. using body calipers to measure % fat vs new measure i.e. using the hamilton depression rating scale vs new instrument Often used when existing measure is expensive or inconvenient
Criterion
51
(Content, Criterion, or Construct) Does the instrument measure all components of the concept or theoretical construct? Often evaluated with factor analysis
Construct
52
4 Focus Areas of the NINR
Symptom Science Wellness Promoting Self-Management End-of-Life and Palliative
53
Intramural Divison of NINR
Summer Genetics Workshop
54
Extramural Divison of NINR
Individual Research Awards
55
What did Dr.Cindy Munro's research focus on?
Relationship between oral health and the prevention of systemic disease
56
What did Dr.Annette Wysocki's research focus on?
Wound Healing
57
Type of Causality: Simple, Mediated, or Moderate Direct Rare except in biology
Simple Causality
58
Type of Causality: Simple, Mediated, or Moderate Indirect
Mediated
59
Type of Causality: Simple, Mediated, or Moderate Causality varies by a factor
Moderated
60
Type of Causality: The supportive intervention improved performance by reducing the anxiety of students taking a final exam.
Mediated/Indirect
61
Type of Causality: Anxiety in students taking a final exam is predicted by a model that includes the number of hours the student studied, the number of hours slept in the previous night, and whether the student was interested in the subject covered by the exam
Multicausality
62
Type of Causality: | We found that the anxiety reducing intervention worked for men in the study but not for women.
Moderated
63
How do we establish causality with research?
``` Specificity Temporal Order Biological Plausibility Consistency Strength of the Association ```
64
Temporal Order
The cause precedes the effect | Needs longitudinal approach

NURSING (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions