resource management

Question 1

why is food resource significant, and what are some inequalities

Answer 1

good diets lead to productivity and boosted economy, malnutrition leads to poor health and unproductivity

2 billion have poorly balanced diets lacking minerals and vitamins
US has most food production and most obesity, and still has hunger

Question 2

why is water resource significant, and what are some inequalities

Answer 2

water is essential for crops and drinking

climate change causes supply imbalance
by 2025, 50 countries will be facing scarcity

Question 3

why is energy resource significant, and what are some inequalities

Answer 3

needed for homes (light, heat, power), and for economic growth (power factories)

unbalanced between hics and lics
nees demand more as they become industrialised, trading pattern changes

Question 4

physical water scarcity vs economic water scarcity

Answer 4

physical - not enough to meet everyones needs
economic - area cannot afford infrastructure to supply to people

Question 5

what is the inequality in demanding high value food from lics

Answer 5

farmers in lics get paid little for food with high prices in the uk, supermarket and transport take most of money

Question 6

what food demands are being made

Answer 6

exotic foods, out of season food, organic food, foreign food

Question 7

why is food demand expanding

Answer 7

foreign travel and diverse population have changed eating habits

Question 8

how can we reduce food miles and carbon footprint

Answer 8

agribusiness (large commercial farms with modern technology)

local sourcing - farmers markets reduce food miles, processing and packaging, and waste (imperfect food is sold)

Question 9

example of food miles

Answer 9

lamb travels 18 800 km from new zealand

Question 10

why do we need food from other countries e.g tomato

Answer 10

carbon footprint would be more in uk as the uk needs heated greenhouses

Question 11

why is local sourcing good for food resource

Answer 11

food miles and carbon footprint reduced
less processing and packaging
less waste - shops dont sell “imperfect” food

Question 12

what are agribusinesses and why are they used

Answer 12

large commercial farms, often a part of an international business, that has high levels of investment

they maximise production using modern and efficient technology, and scientific research

Question 13

describe the relationship between water supply and water demand

Answer 13

north and west have water surplus - higher rainfall and lower population
south and east have water deficit - lower rainfall and higher population

Question 14

why is water hard to transfer

Answer 14

high cost
potential damage of ecosystems
greenhouse emissions from electricity needed for pump

Question 15

what are the main causes of water pollution

Answer 15

agriculture - chemicals
urban - detergents, minute plastic (runoff)
industrial - mine water, oil spill

Question 16

how has the uks energy mix changed

Answer 16

• 3/4 from fossil fuels in 1990
• not dominated by renewables, especially wind
• dependent on imported energy as

Question 17

impacts of fossil fuels

Answer 17

• job opportunities
• emissions
• fracking (injecting rock to extract gas) led to earthquake in lancashire

Question 18

impacts of renewable energy

Answer 18

• no emissions
• often dependent on environment
• visual and noise pollution

Question 19

impacts of nuclear energy

Answer 19

• job opportunity
• no emissions when running
• decommissioned after use, expensive
• risk of contamination of highly dangerous radioactive material

Question 20

why is food consumption increasing

Answer 20

• economic development (higher SoL)
• pop growth
• improvements in transport and storage means higher availability

Question 21

factors that affect food supply

Answer 21

climate
pests e.g locust
population growth
poverty (no technology, irrigation, fertilisers)

Question 22

what is food insecurity

Answer 22

having no reliable access to enough affordable, nutritious food

Question 23

impacts of food insecurity

Answer 23

famine
rising prices - fertiliser, storage and transportation prices rise
soil erosion

Question 24

how can we increase food supply

Answer 24

irrigation
new green revolution
aeroponics/hydroponics
appropriate technology
biotechnology

Question 25

assess how irrigation increases food supply

Answer 25

artificially watering land from water sources - crops can be grown on arid/semi arid land - more commercial farming - uneducated farmers may not know how to manage it, leads to salinisation, making soil infertile

Question 26

assess how aeroponics increase food supply

Answer 26

plants sprayed with mist containing nutrients - increased yields -lower production cost - requires greenhouse in winter months. heating and lighting is expensive and requires energy

Question 27

assess how hydroponics increase food supply

Answer 27

plants grown in gravel or mineral-rich water - increased yields -lower production cost - requires greenhouse in winter months. heating and lighting is expensive and requires energy

Question 28

assess how new green revolution increases food supply

Answer 28

focuses on sustainability using modern farming techniques eg soil conservation - better quality - higher yield: bahir, india has double rice output - fertilisers and pesticides can be expensive for smaller farmers - eutrophocation

Question 29

assess how biotechnology increases food supplu

Answer 29

uses living organisms to modify products to have desired characteristics, eg gm crops - better quality and yield - can made to be disease resistant - concern about lack of research surrounding health effects of eating them

Question 30

assess how appropriate technology increases food supply

Answer 30

food production techniques suited to the conditions of the area and people - beneficial in poorer countries, as little skill require for little cost - often small scale, limits impacts

Question 31

what is the indus basin irrigation system

Answer 31

largest irrigation scheme in world, irrigating dry agricultural land in pakistan

Question 32

features of ibis

Answer 32

three large dams and 100+ smaller to regulate flow over 1.6 million km of ditches and streams to provide water

Question 33

advantages of ibis

Answer 33

40% more land for agriculture increased crop yields - diets improved hep from large dams

Question 34

disadvantages of ibis

Answer 34

population growth salinisation damages soil high costs to maintain reservoir

Question 35

what is sustainable food supply

Answer 35

ensures fertile soil, water, environmental resources are available for future generations

Question 36

three examples of sustaining food supply with brief descriptions

Answer 36

organic farming - no fertilisers/pesticides permaculture - growing food in natural ecosystems urban farming - growing food on or in settlements

Question 37

pros of organic farming

Answer 37

no chemicals in soil/water maintains biodiversity e.g bees, continue to pollinate

Question 38

cons of organic farming

Answer 38

labour costs are higher resulting is higher production costs

Question 39

pros of permaculture

Answer 39

local, food miles reduced

Question 40

cons of permaculture

Answer 40

small scale, requires everyone

Question 41

pros of urban farming

Answer 41

use of unused space, visually improves urban area - wellbeing, air,

Question 42

disadvantages of urban farming

Answer 42

small scale, requires everyone cannot graze cattle; meat and fish must be farmed elsewhere