Resource Management Flashcards
(28 cards)
UK Water Patterns
Water demand increase- why?
- Increased population
- Wealth- more appliances
- Agriculture- irrigation- non seasonal food
UK Water Patterns
Distribution of water
- Overall surplus in UK
- Water defecit in SW high demand areas
UK Water Patterns
Solution to Water deficit in the UK
- water transfer schemes
- kielder water scheme, from reservoir in NW released to rivers
- Dams can displace communities, disrupt ecosystems
UK Water Patterns
*Water Pollution Causes
- Over 70% polluted in UK
- sewage- spread disease
- litter
- industry
- Agriculture- fertilisers + pesticides- eutrophication
UK Water Patterns
Solution to water pollution in the UK
- legislation- monitor dumping in rivers
- water treatment
- education of public
UK Energy Resources
Describe Changing UK Energy Demand
- Before: coal and gas main
- Now: more nuclear and renewables
- Due to decline in fossil fuel reserves + energy security needs + CO2 targets
UK Energy Resources
UK Fossil Fuel Patterns
- Coal decreased, Gas increased because of gas discovery in North Sea in 1980s
- NO COAL POWER IN UK NOW
- NOW: gas reserves decrease in North Sea, Fracking to access shale gas proposal
UK Energy Resources
Energy Sector value
- Created £24 Billion revenue in 2-16, increased jobs
UK Energy Resources
Economic Issues of Energy
- Renewable initial set-up expensive
- Unreliable
- Nuclear risky
- Fossil fuels price increase due to scarcity
UK Energy Resources
Env. Issues of Energy
- Fracking cause earthquakes + pollution
- Dams damage ecosystems
- Wind ruins landscape
UK Food Patterns
Describe Changing Demand for Food in the UK
PAST:
- seasonal food eating
- local produce
PRESENT:
- 50% imported
- More demand for organic/exotic
REASONS:
- higher income
- immigration
- better technology, globalisation
UK Food Patterns
Carbon Footprint of UK food
- ## more imports, more food miles, more CO2 emissions
UK Food Patterns
Agribusiness
- Application of business skills to Agriculture
- Farms treated like industries: more produce, more efficiency, lower costs
- Large farms, low biodiversity
- Machinery replaces manual labour, more emissions, lower jobs
- Chemicals used cause damage to wildlife
FOOD section- Global Food Demands
Define Food Security
Access for all people at all times to safe nutritious food, meeting dietary needs
FOOD Section- Global Food Demands
Factors affecting food supply
- climate for agriculture
- technology available
- conflict
- water stress
FOOD Section- Global Food Demands
*Impacts of Food Insecurity
- Famine- widespread starvation - in South Sudan and Palestine
- inflation
- deforestation for more cattle
FOOD Section- Increasing food supply
Methods to Increase Food supply
- Irrigation
- Aeroponics + Hydroponics
- Biotechnology
- Appropriate Technology
FOOD Section- Increasing food supply
Define Irrigation and types
Irrigation: Supplying water to land and crops
Types:
- Drip irrigation- holes in pipes
- Sprinklers: sprayed across field
FOOD Section- Increasing food supply
Define Hydroponics and Aeroponics
Grow plants in a controlled env. , no soil, plants stacked to save space, less water usage
FOOD Section- Increasing food supply
Aeroponics Description
- Growing plants in air/mist env.
- Plant roots suspended, nutrient rich water sprayed on roots
FOOD Section- Increasing food supply
Hydroponics Description
- Growing plants in nutrient solutions
FOOD Section- Increasing Food Supply
Biotechnology Description
GM crops, improved yield and drought resistance
FOOD Section- Increasing food supply
Appropriate Technology Description
Suitable, Practical, for LICs
Examples: drip irrigation and human powered pumps
FOOD Section- Increasing food supply
Case Study: Indus Basin Irrigation System
- Using Indus river + tributaries to supply water to agricultural land in Pakistan
- Fed by snowmelt and rain in north mountains to irrigate dry land south
- Largest continous irrigation system in the world
- Dams + reservoirs control water flow
