RESOURCES PT:1

Question 1

Where was the Earth Summit held in 1992?

Answer 1

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Question 2

When was the Earth Summit held?

Answer 2

June 1992.

Question 3

How many heads of state attended the Earth Summit?

Answer 3

More than 100.

Question 4

What was the aim of the Earth Summit?

Answer 4

To address urgent problems of environmental protection and socio-economic development.

Question 5

What were the main issues discussed at the Earth Summit?

Answer 5

Global warming, biodiversity loss, and sustainable development.

Question 6

What was the major outcome of the Earth Summit?

Answer 6

The adoption of Agenda 21.

Question 7

What is Agenda 21?

Answer 7

A declaration signed by 170 countries to achieve global sustainable development.

Question 8

What is the purpose of Agenda 21?

Answer 8

To combat environmental damage, poverty, and disease through global cooperation and local planning.

Question 9

At what levels does Agenda 21 work?

Answer 9

Global, national, and local levels.

Question 10

What is a key feature of Agenda 21?

Answer 10

Every local government should draw its own local Agenda 21.

Question 11

What is resource planning?

Answer 11

A strategy for proper and judicious use of resources.

Question 12

Why is resource planning important?

Answer 12

Because resources are limited, unevenly distributed, and often overused.

Question 13

What are the problems due to uneven distribution of resources?

Answer 13

Some regions are economically backward while others are developed.

Question 14

Why is resource planning important at the national level?

Answer 14

For balanced development and sustainable use of resources.

Question 15

Why is resource planning important at the global level?

Answer 15

To reduce inequality in access and ensure conservation.

Question 16

What are the three stages of resource planning in India?

Answer 16

Identification and inventory, evolving planning structure, matching resource development plans with national development plans.

Question 17

How are resources identified and inventoried in India?

Answer 17

Through surveying, mapping, and measurement.

Question 18

What is done in the second stage of resource planning?

Answer 18

Planning structure is evolved using appropriate technology, skills, and institutional setup.

Question 19

What happens in the third stage of resource planning?

Answer 19

Plans are matched with national development strategies.

Question 20

Which state is rich in mineral and coal deposits but economically backward?

Answer 20

Jharkhand.

Question 21

Which state is rich in solar and wind energy but has water scarcity?

Answer 21

Rajasthan.

Question 22

Which state has abundant water resources but lacks infrastructure?

Answer 22

Arunachal Pradesh.

Question 23

What does resource planning help avoid?

Answer 23

Underutilisation, overuse, and regional imbalance.

Question 24

What is the importance of sustainable development in resource planning?

Answer 24

To meet present needs without compromising the future.

Question 25

What historical process led to resource exploitation?

Answer 25

Colonialism.

Question 26

How did colonisation affect India’s resources?

Answer 26

Resources were exploited for the benefit of colonisers, leading to inequality and degradation.

Question 27

What is the impact of indiscriminate resource use?

Answer 27

Depletion of resources, environmental issues like global warming and ozone depletion.

Question 28

Why is balanced resource planning important?

Answer 28

For equal access, long-term use, and ecological stability.

Question 29

What is a resource?

Answer 29

Anything that can be used to fulfill human needs, and is technologically accessible, economically feasible, and culturally acceptable.

Question 30

What are biotic and abiotic resources?

Answer 30

Biotic resources come from living things (e.g., plants, animals); abiotic resources are non-living (e.g., minerals, water).

Question 31

What are renewable and non-renewable resources?

Answer 31

Renewable resources can be replenished naturally (e.g., sunlight); non-renewable resources are limited and exhaustible (e.g., coal).

Question 32

What is sustainable development?

Answer 32

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Question 33

Why is resource planning important?

Answer 33

To avoid overuse, ensure fair distribution, and promote sustainable usage.

Question 34

What are the types of resource ownership?

Answer 34

Individual, community, national, and international resources.

Question 35

When and where was the Rio Earth Summit held?

Answer 35

In 1992, at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Question 36

Why was the Rio Summit held?

Answer 36

To address global environmental issues and promote sustainable development.

Question 37

What is Agenda 21?

Answer 37

A global action plan for sustainable development formed at the Rio Summit, encouraging local and global environmental strategies.

Question 38

What are potential, developed, stock, and reserve resources?

Answer 38

Potential – unused resources; Developed – surveyed and ready to use; Stock – available but unusable with current tech; Reserves – usable now but saved for future.

Question 39

What are the advantages of sustainable development?

Answer 39

Long-term resource use, environmental balance, and benefits for future generations.

Question 40

What are the challenges of sustainable development?

Answer 40

High costs and resistance to change in habits and policies.

Question 41

Why are resources vital for any developmental activity?

Answer 41

Because they form the base for all human progress and development.

Question 42

What has led to serious socio-economic and environmental problems?

Answer 42

Irrational consumption and over-utilisation of resources.

Question 43

Name a major global issue caused by over-utilisation of resources.

Answer 43

Depletion of resources and global ecological crises.

Question 44

How can the problem of resource depletion be solved?

Answer 44

By adopting the practice of resource conservation at various levels.

Question 45

At what levels should resource conservation be practiced?

Answer 45

At individual, community, national, and global levels.

Question 46

Who said that 'There is enough for everybody’s need and not for anybody’s greed'?

Answer 46

Mahatma Gandhi.

Question 47

What did Mahatma Gandhi believe about the root cause of resource depletion?

Answer 47

He believed that greedy and selfish individuals and exploitative nature of modern technology were the root causes.

Question 48

What did Gandhiji suggest to overcome resource exploitation?

Answer 48

He was against mass production and advocated production by the masses.

Question 49

What was Gandhiji’s view on modern technology in relation to resource use?

Answer 49

He believed it was exploitative in nature and responsible for depletion of resources.

Question 50

Which organisation first advocated for resource conservation in a systematic way?

Answer 50

The Club of Rome in 1968.

Question 51

When did the Club of Rome first advocate for resource conservation?

Answer 51

In 1968.

Question 52

Which book raised awareness about sustainable development in 1974?

Answer 52

Small is Beautiful by E. F. Schumacher.

Question 53

Who wrote the book Small is Beautiful?

Answer 53

E. F. Schumacher.

Question 54

In which year was the book Small is Beautiful published?

Answer 54

In 1974.

Question 55

Which report introduced the concept of sustainable development in 1987?

Answer 55

The Brundtland Commission Report, also known as Our Common Future.

Question 56

What is the title of the Brundtland Commission Report?

Answer 56

Our Common Future.

Question 57

When was the Brundtland Commission Report published?

Answer 57

In 1987.

Question 58

What concept was introduced by the Brundtland Commission Report?

Answer 58

The concept of sustainable development.

Question 59

When and where was the first International Earth Summit held?

Answer 59

In 1992, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Question 60

What major global event on environment took place in Rio de Janeiro in 1992?

Answer 60

The first International Earth Summit.

Question 61

Why is it necessary to conserve resources at all levels?

Answer 61

To ensure their availability for present and future generations and avoid crises caused by depletion.

Question 62

How is production by the masses different from mass production?

Answer 62

Mass production relies on large-scale industrial technology, while production by the masses is community-centered, small-scale, and less exploitative.

Question 63

What role does individual action play in resource conservation?

Answer 63

Individuals can help reduce resource waste, promote sustainability, and influence larger community and policy-level changes.

Question 64

Which famous quote by Mahatma Gandhi is used in this context?

Answer 64

There is enough for everybody’s need and not for anybody’s greed.

Question 65

What kind of problems are created by irrational and over-utilisation of resources?

Answer 65

Serious socio-economic problems and environmental degradation.