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Resp Buzzwords Flashcards

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1
Q

stony, dull to percuss

A

Pleural Effusion

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2
Q

right sided pleuritic chest pain

A

Pneumonia

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3
Q 
Alveolar bat wings
Kerley B lines
Cardiomegaly
Dilated prominent upper lobe vessels
Pleural Effusion
A

Pulmonary Oedema

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4
Q

ground glass appearance on CXR

A

Pulmonary Fibrosis and RDS on children

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5
Q

ziehl-neelsen stain positive for acid fast bacilli

A

TB

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6
Q

Caseous necrosis

A

TB

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7
Q

Apical disease

A

secondary TB

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8
Q

Apical lesion

A

assman focus

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9
Q

Miliary TB

A

organisms spread in blood stream

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10
Q

organism spread by pulmonary artery

A

miliary TB dissemination into lungs

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11
Q

organism spread by pulmonary vein

A

miliar TB dissemination to liver, spleen and kidney

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12
Q

child with barking cough and inspiratory wheeze

A

croup

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13
Q

pneumocystis pneumonia/pneumocystis jiroveci

A

HIV

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14
Q

treat HIV

A

co-trimoxale and prednisolone

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15
Q

positive antiglomelular basement membrane antibodies

A

goodpastures syndrome

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16
Q

chest infection with pet parrot/pigeon

A

chylamdophilia psittaci

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17
Q

dry cough and diahorrea after trip abroad

A

legionella pneumophilia

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18
Q

tall thin young man who smokes marjuana

A

marfans (possible pneumothorax)

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19
Q

bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, erythema nodosum, granulomas, weight loss and uvetis

A

sarcoidosis

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20
Q

signet ring sign on CXR

A

bronchiectasis

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21
Q

bronchioles appear wider than neighbouring arterioles

A

bronchiectasis

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22
Q

D sign on CXR

A

empyema

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23
Q

steeple sign on CXR

A

croup/ larngyotracheobronchitis

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24
Q

child with barking cough and inspiratory wheeze

A

croup

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25
adult with barking cough and inspiratory whoop
pertussis
26
heart failure cells in alveolar spaces
macrophages that have absorbed haemosiderin
27
what do heart failure cells suggest
pulmonary oedema and left ventricular heart failure (also present in long standing pulmonary hypertension)
28
ghon focus
area of infarction and caseous necrosis at periphery of lung
29
ghon focus suggests
TB
30
Rupture of ghon focus
TB pleurisy
31
coin lesion on CXR
primary bronchial or lung carcinoma, metastatic tumour, bronchial hamartoma, carcinoid tumour, granulatomous inflammation or lung abscess
32
horners syndrome
local spread of cancer to intrathoracic nodes or a pancoasts tumour
33
signs of horners syndrome
``` ptosis enopthalamus mitosis lack of sweating on affected side of effect (ALL EYE RELATED) ```
34
Explain signs of Horners syndrome
invasion of cervical sympathetic chain
35
acute management of asthma
O SHIT MAN
36
O SHIT MAN
``` Oxygen (15 l/min, high flow, non rebreather) Salbutamol (nebuliser) Hydrocortisone (IV) Ipratropium (nebuliser) Theophylline (IV) Magnesium Sulfate (IV) ANaesthetist ```
37
thumbprint sign on head X-ray
epiglottis
38
small cell carcinoma
neuroendocrine, highly malignant, may be associated with endocrine systems
39
increased serum ACE and Ca2+
sarcoidosis
40
eggshell calcification at hilar region
silicosis
41
asthma, nasal polyps and salicylate
samters triad
42
alcoholics are at danger of
aspiration pneumonia
43
red jelly sputum
klebsiella pneumonia (common in alcoholics)
44
mucoid sputum and a pet bird
chlaydia psittaci
45
rusty sputum
pneumococcal pneumonia
46
cannonball metastases
primary renal cell carcinoma
47
cannonball metastases, weight loss, haematuria, ill defined opacities
primary renal cell carcinoma
48
morning headache
hypercapnia , or side effects of organic nitrates
49
ACTH secreting lung tumour
small cell carcinoma of lungs
50
PTH secreting lung tumour
squamous cell carcinoma of lungs
51
high D-dimers
suggest PE | need more tests (CTPA or V/Q)
52
low D-dimers
rule out PE
53
mismatched V/Q scan
PE
54
matched and abnormal V/Q scan
pneumonia/infection
55
management of an infective exacerbation of COPD
iSOAP
56
iSOAP
``` ipratropium Salbutamol Oxygen Amoxicillin Prednisolone ```
57
small PE treatment
low molecular weight heparin
58
non smoker, lung cancer
adenocarcinoma
59
squamous and small cell lung cancers
central
60
large PE
thrombolysis
61
large PE treatment
streptokinase
62
Respiratory alkalosis
Panic attack
63
Frank pus on aspiration
Empyema
64
Obstructive lung disease with raised eosinophils
Asthma
65
Obstructive lung disease with raised neutrophils
COPD
66
Pickwickian disease
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome | Body fat prevents air entering, causes sleep apnoea and hypercapnia
67
Overnight nasal ventilation
Pickwickian disease
68
Guillian-Barre disease
Causes paralysis | Preceded by strep throat/infection of GI tract
69
Polyneuritis
Rapidly progressive, ascending motor neurone paralysis, beginning in feet and ascending to muscles
70
Coal workers pneumoconiosis
Problems found at apex of lung
71
ARDS
Non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema leads to acute resp failure | CXR = bilateral shadowing
72
TLCO
How well oxygen can diffuse into blood
73
Type 1 diabetic, vomiting, not taking insulin. Deep breathing and dehydrated
Metabolic acidosis (diabetic ketoacidosis)
74
pANCA postive
GPA

Buzzwords (5 decks)

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