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NURS 3000 > Resp Complications and Septic Shock > Flashcards

Resp Complications and Septic Shock Flashcards

1
Q

Effusion

A

collection of fluids in hallow or in-between spaces in the body

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2
Q

Pleural Effusion

A

collection of fluid in the pleural space due to the imbalance of equilibrium of membranes. Symptom of disease, but not a disease on their own

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3
Q

Transudative Pleural Effusion

A

non-inflammatory normal fluid in the pleural space that is just in excess, decreased protein, typically from an increase in hydrostatic pressure

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4
Q

Empyema Pleural Effusion

A

puss, lots of WBC filling the space

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5
Q

Exudative Effusion

A

albumin in the spaces that have increased protein, inflammation, and increased capillary permeability causes the effusion

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6
Q

S&S of Pleural Effusion

A 
SOB
Chest pain
protrusion of the chest
pain that increases with breathing and can reach the shoulder and the arm
cough
fever and chills
nightmares and night swears
anroexia/weight loss
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7
Q

Daignosis of Pleural Effusion

A 
the normal bitches
CT
chest X ray
venous/ABGs
ultrasound
thoracentesis
focused resp exam
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8
Q

TX of Pleural Effusion

A 
admin of O2
chest tube for drainage
surgery to drain
relaxation starts for reducing anxiety
pain meds
implement interventions related to the root cause of the effusion
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9
Q

Pneumothorax

A

collection of air in the pleural space that can be closed, spontaneous, or open that results in partial or full collapse of the lungs

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10
Q

Closed Pneumothorax

A

typically in COPD or male smokers that is an unknown cause of the air filling in the pleural space. That one TikTok sound “how’d that get in here?”

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11
Q

Open Pneumothorax

A

air enters through the hole in the wall, can also come from bulbs bursting within the body that we can’t see from the outside

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12
Q

Hemothorax

A

collection of blood in the pleural space

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13
Q

Pneumo-Hemothorax

A

air and blood in the pleural space for a double whammy

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14
Q

Chylothorax

A

lymphatic fluid in the pleural space

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15
Q

S&S for Small Pneumothorax

A

mild tachy
SOB
Enlarged chest

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16
Q

S&S for Large Pneumothorax

A 
angina
barrel chest
tracheal deviation
cyanosis
distended neck veins
crunchy heart
increased RR
SOB
severe pain when breathing
air hunger
low O2 Sat
decreased breath sounds
frothing at the mouth
narrowed pulse pressure
restlessness
17
Q

Early Findings of Pneumothorax

A

tachypnea
hyperresponsiveness of the chest wall
decreased tactile fremitus
lower pitch booming sounds with breathing

18
Q

Tension Pneumothorax

A

air accumulation quickly cannot escape that increases intra-thorax pressure and lung collapse that also has the mediastinal shift towards the unaffected side which can lead to the compression

19
Q

S&S of Tension Pneumothorax

A 
decreased CO, venous return and LDC
aorta and vena cava compressed
absent breath sounds
tracheal clinician
hypotension
neck vein distension
20
Q

TX of Pneumothorax

A 
emergent needle decompression
chest tube
clearing entryway
IV of fluids and antibiotics
covering the chest wounds
thoracentesis
21
Q

Pneumonia

A

acute inflammation of lung parenchyma caused by the microbial organism

22
Q

Community-Acquired Pneumonia

A

from the hospital or another person <48h post-exposure that can be from streptococcus pneumonia, legionella, mycoplasma and chlamydia

23
Q

Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia

A

> 48 post-hospital stays that can result from is typically from compromised resp therapy equipment that is caused by the same as a community, Pseudomonas, enterobacter, MRSA, and methicillin-resistant

24
Q

Fungal Pneumonia

A

fungi in the resp tract

25
Q

Aspiration Pneumonia

A

fluids and materials aspirated from the stomach is introduced into the resp tract

26
Q

Red Hospitalization Pneumonia

A

massive dilation of the capillaries in the lungs filling with immune response resulting in the red appearance of the lungs and granulous

27
Q

Grey Hospitalization Pneumonia

A

decreased blood flow and consolidate in the affected area of the lung making it look grey

28
Q

Stages of Pneumonia

A

Stage I shift of fluid in the affected area from alveoli where the organism spreads and multiplies
Stage II continuation and now massive dilation of the capillaries that have alveoli fill with the organism, blood and fibrin
Stage III decreased blood flow to affected areas and bad cap refill instead which makes lungs look grey
Stage IV is healing, exudate lysed and processed by macrophages and restoration of the lungs

29
Q

Risk Factors of Pneumonia

A 
DM
Leukemia
alcoholism
LOC
weakened immune system
smoking
immunosuppressants
malnutrition
intubation
30
Q

S&S of Pneumonia

A 
sudden onset of fever and chills
pleuritic chest pain
changes in vital signs
confusion/delirium
fremitus
bronchial breath sounds
myalgias
necrosis
sore throat 
diarrhea
productive cough
crackles in the lungs
imbalance of CO2 and O2
nausea and vomiting
31
Q

Complications of Pneumonia

A 
pleural effusion
pleurisy
pericarditis
autocisosis
delayed resolution
emphysema
meningitis
endocarditis
32
Q

TX of Pneumonia

A

antibiotics targeting the main cause of the pneumonia
increased fluids
pain relief meds
O2 Sat to be >95%
high fowler’s position
pneumonia vax if this is more than the first one and severe
antipyretics and increased caloric intake

33
Q

Sepsis/Septic Shock

A

life-threatening organ dysfunction and system inflammatory response to an infection

34
Q

S&S of Sepsis

A 
altered mental status
a high score on the organ failure score
tachypnea
hypotension
GSC<15
hyperventilation
hypoperfusion
organ failure
35
Q

Diagnostics of Sepsis

A 
usual suspects
liver enzyme 
creatine level
organ failure status
bilirubin levels
36
Q

TX of Sepsis

A 
measurement of fluids and maintain them
antibiotics
vasopressors
30mg/kg crystalline or lactate ringers
R&R
pneumococcal vaccine
multiple drug therapies
increased nutritional status

NURS 3000 (11 decks)

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