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ID Ex 2 > Resp Viruses II > Flashcards

Resp Viruses II Flashcards

1
Q

Which viruses cause acute infxn with replicaton confined to respiratory mucosal surfaces?

A
  1. Paramyxoviruses
    - Parainfluenza
    - RSV
  2. Orthoimyxoviruses
    - Influenza A,B,C
  3. Coronavirus
  4. Picornavirus
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2
Q

Which viruses PERSISITENTLY replicate on respiratory mucosal surfaces

A

EBV
Adenovirus
Papillomavirus

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3
Q

Which viruses have systemic replication after primary replication on respiratory mucosal surfaces?

A
  1. Paramyxoviruses
    - mumps, measles
  2. VZV
  3. HHV6
  4. CMV
  5. Rubella
  6. Bunyaviruses
  7. Arenavirus
  8. Parvovirus
  9. Picornavirus
  10. Poxvirus
  11. Reovirus
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4
Q

Rhinoviruses

  • Virus family
  • usually assoc. with?
  • How is it self limiting?
  • How is it transmitted?
A

Common cold

Self limiting:

  1. Never systemic: likes to replicate at 33C in resp. tract
  2. Acid labile
  3. Resistant to drying and many detergents

Transmitted by fomites and aerosols

*note that picornaviruses are transmitted fecal-orally

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5
Q

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

  • What is it?
  • Sx?
  • What caused it?
A

viral respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus

  1. High fever >100.4
  2. HA
  3. Discomfort/body aches
  4. Mild resp –> pneumonia

Due to spillover from wildlife to human host
(bats, palm civets)

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6
Q

Middle eastern repiratory syndrome (MERS)

A

caused by a coronaviruses
- get from camels via contact, inhalation, ingestion

Infxn –> prodrome –>
Acute illness –>
Fulminant illness (multiorgan failure) –>
Death

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7
Q

Adenovirus

  • Type
  • Organ systems involved
  • Sx?
A

DS DNA virus
Icosahedral, nonenveloped

Involve Respiratory, GI tract, Eye

Most are asymptomatic
- Reactivated during immunosuppression

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8
Q

What causes more serious infxn? Upper or lower resp tract infxn?

A

Lower

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9
Q

Which viruses are reactivated during immunosuppression?

A

Adenovirus

*Measels causes death to secondary infxn due to immunosuppression

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10
Q

Mumps

  • Natural reservoir
  • Transmission
  • Where do they replicate?
  • Self limiting or have to treat?
A

Humans

Transmitted via saliva and respiratory secretions

Replicate in epithelial cells of the URT, LN, followed by viremia –> systemic infxn

  • painful swelling in parotid gland 16-18 days after infxn
  • Multiorgan infxn

Self limiting but can have systemic effects

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11
Q

Which viruses affect the URT/

A

Mumps

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12
Q

Vaccination for mumps

A
  1. Formalin-Inactivated
  2. Live-attenuated
    - more common
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13
Q

Infxn of pregnant women with Measels virus can result in

A
  1. Premature labor
  2. Spontaneous abortion
  3. Low birth weight
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14
Q

Between measles and chicken pox, which one is important for transmission?

A

Chicken pox and Pox virus - vesicular/pustules imp for transmission

*measles are maculopapular rashses (local dilation of dermal blood vessels and are imp for transmission)

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15
Q

Is measles contagious?

A

One of the most infectious diseases known and is highly contagious

  • but not bc of their maculopapular rash
  • near universal infxn of all children in absence of vaccination
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16
Q

Cause of most acute measles deaths

A

secondary infections due to suppression of immune system

17
Q

Measles virus

  • transmission
  • replicates where?
  • sx
A

Respiratory transmission

Replicate in nasopharynx and regional lymph nodes + skin (esp at the end of the disease)

after 10-12 day incubation:

  1. dry cough
  2. sore throat
  3. high fever
  4. conjunctivitis
  5. red, maculopapular rash
  6. Koplik spots (red raised spots with white centers in mouth)
18
Q

Parmyxovirinae family

A
  1. Parainfluenza virus
  2. Mumps
  3. Morbillivirus
  4. Measles
  5. Canine distemper virus
19
Q

Pneumovirinae family

A

RSV

20
Q

Most common causes of repiratory illnesses in young children

A

Paramyxoviruses

21
Q

Which one causes repeated infxns throughout life? RSV or parainfluenza virus

A

both

22
Q

What is the most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia among infants and children under 1 yr of age?

A

RSV

23
Q

What causes biennial outbreaks of croup in the fall?

A

Human Parainfluenza virus (HPIV-1)

24
Q

Of the paramyxoviruses, which ones do not have a vaccine

A

RSV and parainfluenza virus

  • too many serotypes
25
Q

Macules

A

local dilation of dermal blood vessels

26
Q

Papules

A

when edema and cellular infiltration is present

*pustules involves inflammatory rxn

ID Ex 2 (18 decks)

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