respi-pathology-signs and symptoms Flashcards
(83 cards)
1
Q
lack of sense of smell
A
Anosmia
2
Q
Condition of receiving almost no oxygen from inhaled air
A
Anoxia
3
Q
condition of being unable to produce sounds
A
Aphonia
4
Q
no breathing
A
apnea
5
Q
lack of oxygen that can lead to unconsciousness and death if not corrected immediately; also called asphyxiation or soffocation
A
Asphyxia
6
Q
refers to withdrawing fluid from the body cavity using suction
A
Aspiration
7
Q
breathing too slowly; low respiration rate
A
bradypnea
8
Q
dilated bronchus
A
bronchiectasis
9
Q
involuntary muscle spasm of smooth muscle in the wall of bronchus
A
Bronchospasm
10
Q
abnormal breathing pattern in whcih there are long periods (10-60 seconds) of apnea followed by deeper, more rapid breathing; named for John Cheyne, and Sir William Strockes
A
Cheyne-Strockes respiration
11
Q
Abnormal widening and thickening of ends of fingers and toes associated with chronic oxygen deficiency; seen in patient with chronic respiratory conditions or circulatory problem
A
Clubbing
12
Q
Abnormal crackling or bubbling sound made during inspiration; usually indicates presence of fluid or mucus in small airways; also called rales
A
Crackles
13
Q
refers to bluish tint of skin that is receiving insufficient amount of oxygen or circulation
A
Cyanosis
14
Q
Condition of having difficulty producing sounds of producing abnormal sounds
A
Dysphonia
15
Q
term describing difficult or labored breathing
A
Dyspnea
16
Q
Nosebleed
A
Epistaxis
17
Q
normal breathing
A
Eupnea
18
Q
to cough up blood or blood-stained sputum
A
hemoptysis
19
Q
Presence of blood in chest cavity
A
Hemothorax
20
Q
condition of having excessive carbon dioxide in body
A
Hypercapnia
21
Q
taking deep breath
A
hyperpnea
22
Q
breathing both too fast (tachypnea) and too deep (hyperpnea)
A
Hyperventilation
23
Q
Insufficient level of carbon dioxide in body
A
Hypocapnia
24
Q
taking shallow breathing
A
hypopnea
25
breathing both too slow (bradypnea) and too shallow (hypopnea)
hypoventilation
26
condition of having insufficient amount of oxygen in bloodstream
hypoxemia
27
Condition of receiving insufficient amount of oxygen from inhaled air
hypoxia
28
Paralysis of muslce controlling larynx
laryngoplegia
29
Term describing dyspnea worsened by lying flat; patient feels able to breath easier while sitting straight up
Orthopnea
30
inflammation of all paranasal sinuses
Pansinusitis
31
Open or unblocked, such as patent airway
patent
32
Thick mucus secreted by membranes lining respiratory tract; when phlegm is coughed through mouth, is called sputum
Phlegm
33
Grating sound made when two layers of pleura rub together during respiration; caused when one surface becomes thicker as a result of inflammation or other disease conditions
Pleural rub
34
pleural pain
pleurodynia
35
presence of pus in chest cavity; indicates bacterial infection
pyothorax
36
inflammation of nasal cavity
rhinitis
37
rapid flow of blood from the nose
Rhinorrhagia
38
discharge from nose; commonly called a runny nose
Rhinorrhea
39
somewhat musical sound during expiration; often found in asthma or infection; caused by spasm of bronchial tubes; also called wheezing
Rhonchi
40
Having difficulty of breathing; also called dyspnea
Shortness of breath
41
mucus or phlegm coughed up from lining of respiratory tract
Sputum
42
hash, high-pitched, noisy breathing sound made when there is obstruction of bronchus or larynx; found in conditions such as croup in children
stridor
43
breathing fast; high respiratory rate
Tachypnea
44
chest pain; does not refer to angina pectoris
thoracalgia
45
narrowing of trachea
tracheostenosis
46
Acute respiratory condition found in infants and children characterized by barking type of cough or stridor
Croup
47
Bacterial upper respiratory infection characterized by formation of thick membrenous film across throat and high mortality rate
Diphtheria
48
inflammation of larynx
Laryngitis
49
inflammation of nasal cavity common and pharynx; aslo called cold
nasopharyngitis
50
Infectious bacterial disease of upper respiratory system that children receive immunization against as part of their DPT shot
pertussis
51
Inflammation of pharynx; commonly called a sore throat
Pharyngitis
52
fungal infection of nasal cavity
rhinomycosis
53
Disease caused by various conditions, like allergens, and resulting in constriction of bronchial airways, dyspnea, coughing, and wheezing
Asthma
54
Abnormal enlargement of bronchi; may be result to lung infection
Bronchiectasis
55
inflammation of a bronchus
bronchitis
56
malignant tumor originating in bronchi; usually associated with history of cigarette smoking
bronchogenic carcinoma
57
Acute respiratory failure in adults characterized by tachypnea dyspnea, cyanosis, tachycardia, and hypoxemia
adult respiratory distress syndrome
58
Type of pneumoconiosis that develops from collection of coal dust in lung; also called black lung or miner’s lung
Anthracosis
59
Type of pneumoconiosis that develops from collection of asbestos fibers in lungs; may lead to development of lung cancer
Asbestosis
60
Condition in which alveoli in a portion of the lung collapse, preventing respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Atelectasis
61
Progressive, chronic, and usually irreversible group of conditions (often a combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema) in which lungs has diminished capacity for inhalation and exhalation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
62
hereditary condition causing exocrine glands to malfunction; patient produces very thick mucus that causes severe congestion within lungs, pancreas, and intesting
Cystic fibrosis
63
pulmonary condition characterized by destruction of walls of alveoli, resulting in fewer, overexpanded air sacs
emphysema
64
Pulmonary infection caused by fungus Histoplasma capsulatum, found in dust and in droppings of pigeons and chickens
Histoplasmosis
65
Lung condition most commonly found in premature infants characterized by tachypnea and respiratory grunting; also called hyaline membrane disease (HMD) and respiratory distress syndrome of new born
Infant respiratory distress syndrome
(IRDS)
66
Viral infection of respiratory system characterized by chills, fever, body aches, and fatigue, commonly called flu
Influenza
67
Sever, often fatal bacterial infection characterized by pneumonia and liver and kidney damage; named after people who came down with it at American Legion convention in 1976
Legionnaires’ Disease
68
Life-threatening viral respiratory illness first reported in Saudi Arabia in Sept. 2012; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)
69
Less severe but longer-lasting form of pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma penumoniae bacteria; also called walking pneumonia
Mycoplasma Pneumonia
70
condition resulting from inhalation of environmental particles that become toxic; can be result in inhaling coal dust (antrhacosis) or asbestos (asbestosis)
Pneumoconiosis
71
inflammatory condition of lung that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and aspirated substances; results in filling of alveoli and air spaces with fluid
pneumonia
72
Condition in which lung tissue retains excessive amount of fluid, especially in alveoli; results in dyspnea
Pulmonary edema
73
Obstruction of pulmonary artery or one of its branches by embolu (often blood clot broken away from another area of body); may cause infarct in lung tissue
Pulmonary embolism (PE)
74
formation of fibrous scar tissue in lungs that leads to decreased ability to expand lungs; may be caused by infections, pneumoconiosis, autoimmune diseases, and toxin exposure
Pulmonary Fibrosis
75
Acute viral respiratory infection that begins like flu but quickly progresses to severe dyspnea; high fatality rate in persons over age 65; first appeared in China in 2003
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
76
type of pneumoconiosis that develops from inhalation of silica (quartz) dust found in quarrying, glasswork, sandblasting, and ceramics
silicosis
77
Condition in which breathing stops repeatedly during sleep long enough to cause drop in oxygen levels in blood
sleep apnea
78
unexpected and unexplained death of apparently well infant under one year of age; child suddenly stops breathing for unknown reasons
Sudden infant death syndrome
(SIDS)
79
Infectious disease caused by bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
80
Pus within pleura space usually associated with bacterial infection; also called pyothorax
Empyema
81
abnormal accumulation of luid in the pleural cavity preventing lungs from fully expanding
Pleural effusion
82
Inflammation of pleura characterized by sharp chest pain with each breath also called pleuritis
Pleurisy
83
Collection of air or gas in pleural cavity, possibly resulting in collapse of lung
Pneumothorax
