urinary system-pathology-signs and symptoms

Question 1

Complete suppression of urine formed by the kidneys and a complete lack of urine excretion

Answer 1

Anuria

Question 2

Accumulation of nitrogenous waste in bloodstream; occurs when the kidney fails to filter these wastes from the blood

Answer 2

Azotemia

Question 3

Presence of bacteria in the urine

Answer 3

Bacteriuria

Question 4

Stone formed within an organ by accumulation of mineral salts; found in kidney, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, or urethra; plural is calculi

Answer 4

Calculus

Question 5

Urinary bladder pain

Answer 5

Cystalgia

Question 6

bladder stone

Answer 6

Cystolith

Question 7

Abnormal bleeding from the urinary bladder

Answer 7

Cystorrhagia

Question 8

Increase formation and excretion of urine

Answer 8

Diuresis

Question 9

Difficult or painful urination

Answer 9

Dysuria

Question 10

Involuntary discharge of urine after age by which bladder control should have been established; usually occurs by age five; nocturnal enuresis refer to bed-wetting at night

Answer 10

Enuresis

Question 11

Presence of sugar in the urine

Answer 11

Glycosuria

Question 12

Presence of blood in the urine

Answer 12

Hematuria

Question 13

Decrease in force of urine stream, often with difficulty initiating flow; often a symptom of blockage along urethra, such as enlarged prostate gland

Answer 13

Hesitancy

Question 14

Presence of ketones in urine; occurs when body buns fat instead of glucose for energy, such as in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus

Answer 14

Ketonuria

Question 15

Kidney stone

Answer 15

Nephrolith

Question 16

Kidney is abnormally soft

Answer 16

Nephromalacia

Question 17

Kidney is enlarged

Answer 17

Nephromegaly

Question 18

Kidney tissue has become hardened

Answer 18

Nephrosclerosis

Question 19

Having to urinate frequently during the night

Answer 19

Nocturia

Question 20

Producing too little urine

Answer 20

Oliguria

Question 21

Producing unusually large volume of urine

Answer 21

Polyuria

Question 22

Presence of protein in urine

Answer 22

Proteinuria

Question 23

Presence of pus in urine

Answer 23

Pyuria

Question 24

Pain caused by kidney stone; can be excruciating pain and generally requires medical treatment

Answer 24

Renal Colic

Question 25

Narrowing of passageway in the urinary system

Answer 25

Stricture

Question 26

Accumulation of waste products (especially nitrogenous wastes) in bloodstream; associated with renal failure

Answer 26

Uremia

Question 27

Ureters is stretched out or dilated

Answer 27

Ureterectasis

Question 28

Stone in the ureter

Answer 28

Ureterolith

Question 29

Ureters has become narrow

Answer 29

Ureterostenosis

Question 30

Urethral Pain

Answer 30

Urethralgia

Question 31

Abnormal bleeding from the urethra

Answer 31

Urethrorrhagia

Question 32

Urethra has become narrow

Answer 32

Urethrostenosis

Question 33

Involuntary release of urine; in some patients, indwelling catheter is inserted into the bladder for continuous urine drainage

Answer 33

Urinary Incontinence

Question 34

Inability to fully empty the bladder; often indicates blockage in the urethra

Answer 34

Urinary retention

Question 35

Damage to and potential death of the renal tubules due to presence of toxins in urine or to ischemia; results in oliguria

Answer 35

Acute tubular necrosis (ATN)

Question 36

Accumulation of damage to the glomerulus capillaries due to chronic high blood sugars of diabetes mellitus

Answer 36

Diabetic Nephropathy

Question 37

Accumulation of damage to the glomerulus capillaries due to chronic high blood sugars of diabetes meillitus

Answer 37

Diabetic Nephropathy

Question 38

Inflammation of the kidney (Primarily the glomerulus)

Answer 38

Glomerulonephritis

Question 39

Distention of the renal pelvis due to urine collecting in the kidney; often result of obstruction of a ureter

Answer 39

Hydronephrosis

Question 40

Kidney inflammation

Answer 40

Nephritis

Question 41

Presence of calculi in the kidney; usually begins with solidification of salts present in urine

Answer 41

Nephrolithiasis

Question 42

Kidney tumor

Answer 42

Nephroma

Question 43

General term describing presence of kidney disease

Answer 43

Nephropathy

Question 44

Downward displacement of the kidney out of its normal location; commonly called a floating kidney

Answer 44

Nephroptosis

Question 45

Damage to the glomerulus resulting in protein appearance in urine, proteinuria, and corresponding decrease in protein in bloodstream; also called nephrosis

Answer 45

Nephrotic Syndrome

Question 46

Formation of multiple cysts (Pouches) within kidney tissue

Answer 46

Polycystic Kidneys

Question 47

renal pelvis inflammation

Answer 47

Pyelitis

Question 48

Inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney

Answer 48

Pyelonephritis

Question 49

Cancerous tumor that arises from kidney tubule cells

Answer 49

Renal Cell carcinoma

Question 50

Inability of the kidneys to filter wastes from the blood, resulting in uremia; may be acute or chronic; major reason for patient being placed on dialysis

Answer 50

Renal failure

Question 51

Malignant kidney tumor found most often in children; also called nephroblastoma

Answer 51

Wilm’s Tumor

Question 52

Blockage of the bladder outlet; often caused by enlarged prostate gland in males

Answer 52

Bladder neck obstruction (BNO)

Question 53

Urinary bladder inflammation

Answer 53

Cystitis

Question 54

Protrusion (or herniation) of the urinary bladder into wall of the vagina

Answer 54

Cystocele

Question 55

Disease of unknown cause in which there is inflammation and irritation of the bladder; most commonly seen in middle-aged women

Answer 55

Interstitial Cystitis

Question 56

Loss of nervous control that leads to retention; may be caused by spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis

Answer 56

Neurogenic Bladder

Question 57

Infection usually from bacteria, of any organ of the urinary system

Answer 57

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)