Respiation Flashcards
(21 cards)
What is a degradation reaction
Larger substrate molecules are broken down into smaller products
What is a synthesis reaction
Smaller substrates are joined together to make a larger product
Where does the substrate fit into
Active site
What what enzyme is specific to starch
Amylase
What enzyme is specific to glucose 1 phosphate
Phosphorylase
What are the 4 ways cellular activity use energy
Protein synthesis
Muscle cell contraction
Cell division
Transmission of nerve impulses
Describe aerobic respiration
Stage 1 In occurs in cytoplasm and turn glucose to pyruvate and 2 atp are produced
Stage 2 occurs in the mitochondria and produces large number of atp and then pyruvate turns into carbon dioxide and water
Describe fermentation in animal cells
It ONLY OCCURS IN CYTOPLASM
Glucose is broken down into 2 atp and pyruvate and the then pyruvate is turned into lactate
Describe fermentation in plant cells
Glucose —pyruvate — pyruvate products= carbon dioxide and ethanol
This occurs in cytoplasm aswell
Explain why sperm cells have large number of mitochondria
Because they need lots of energy to be able to swim to the egg
What is the optimal temperature for enzymes
37 degrees
How many ATP is produced in stage one of aerobic respiration and how many in stage 2
Stage 1=2
Stage 2= lots of atp
How many ATP is produced in fermentation in both animal and yeast cells
2 ATP
What are the products of stage two in fermentation animal and yeast/plant cells
Pyruvate and 2 ATP
What are the final products of aerobic respiration
C02 and water
What is the product of fermentation in animal cells
Lactate
What is the final product of fermentation in plant and yeast cells
C02 and ethanol
Where does fermentation occur in animal cells
Cytoplasm
Where does fermentation occur in plant and yeast cells
Cytoplasm
Where does aerobic respiration occur (all cells)
Stage one= cytoplasm
Stage two=Mitochondria
