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Flashcards in Respiration Deck (25)
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1
Q

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

A

oxygen + glucose -> carbon dioxide + water

2
Q

What is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

A

O2 + C6 H12 06 -> C02 + H20

3
Q

What happens during respiration?

A

During respiration, oxygen is used to release energy from molecules such as glucose. Glucose and oxygen are converted into water and carbon dioxide and energy is released for the use in the cells in the mitochondria.

4
Q

Where does oxygen go when we breath in?

A

When we breath in, oxygen travels to our alveoli, it then goes into our lungs and then branches out to different part.

5
Q

Why type of respiration does not use oxygen?

A

Anareobic respiration does not use oxygen.

6
Q

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?

A

glucose -> lactic acid + energy.

7
Q

Which type of respiration releases less energy?

A

Anaerobic respiration releases less energy then aerobic respiration.

8
Q

Why does anaerobic respiration release less energy then aerobic respiration?

A

Anaerobic respiration releases less energy than aerobic respiration because the glucose is not fully broken down.

9
Q

What does exercising hard result in and why?

A

Exercising hard results in the muscles carrying out anaerobic respiration as the heart and lungs cannot work fast enough to get the required amount of oxygen for aerobic respiration.

10
Q

What does EPOC stand for?

A

Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption.

11
Q

What is EPOC?

A

After exericse, rapid breathing draws more air into the lungs and the fast-beating heart sends the oxygen to the muscle cells, where it helps break down lactic acid into carbon dioxide and water. The requirement for additional oxygen is known as EPOC.

12
Q

What is diffusion?

A

This is where molecules will spread from areas where they are highly concentrated to areas of lower concentration.

13
Q

How do substances move into and out of cells of living things?

A

Substances move into and out of cells of living things by diffusion.

14
Q

What do capillary vessels supply?

A

Capillary vessels supply body tissue with blood via the circulatory system.

15
Q

What is gaseous exchange?

A

Gaseous exchange is the process by which oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide leaves. It takes place across the walls of the alveoli (air sacs) in the lungs.

16
Q

What is the concentration gradient?

A

The concentration gradient is the difference in concentration of a substance between high and low concentration regions.

17
Q

What does exercise do to heart and breathing rate?

A

Exercise increases the heart and breathing rate.

18
Q

Why do we have an increase in heart and breathing rate during exercise?

A

Respiration produces carbon dioxide, which passes from the muscle cells to the blood, raising its acidity and lowering its pH below 7.0. As we respire a lot more when we are exercising,the lowered pH stimulates an increase in the heart rate and breathing rate.

19
Q

What happens to heart and breathing rate after exercising?

A

Heart and breathing rates remain high for some minutes after exercising. As a result, more blood - with its load of carbon dioxide - passes to the lungs,where it is exhaled.
Shortly afterwards, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood decreases, restoring the pH of the blood to its normal value of 7.4. Heart rate and breathing rate return to normal when this happens.

20
Q

How can breathing rate be investigated?

A

Breathing rate can be investigated by using lime water to test for carbon dioxide. An easy way of doing this is to put a straw in lime water and note the time taken for the lime water to turn cloudy as you breath out through the straw.

21
Q

What happens to aerobic respiration the more air we breathe in?

A

The more air we breathe in, the more oxygen reaches the muscles and the more energy is released through aerobic respiration.

22
Q

What does the larger volume of air moving in and our of our lungs with each breath mean?

A

The larger the volume of air moving in and out of our lungs with each breath, the higher the volume of oxygen that can reach the muscles.

23
Q

What equation can be used to calculate the volume of air exchanged per minute?

A

volume of air exchanged per minute = number of breaths in a minute (breathing rate) x volume of air per breath.

24
Q

How do you produce a heartbeat?

A

One complete contraction and relaxation of the heart produces one heartbeat.

25
Q

What equation can be used to calculate cardiac output?

A

cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate