What's in a cell? Flashcards
(19 cards)
What features do bacterial cells have?
- they have a cell wall
- they don’t have a nucleus
- they have two types of DNA - plasmid and chromosomal
- some have a flagellum
- the cell wall is not made of cellulose
What do plant and animal cells have in common?
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- cell membrane
- mitochondria
- ribosomes.
What do plant cells have that animal cells don’t?
- cell wall
- often have chloroplasts
- often have a permanent vacuole.
What is a nucleus?
A nucleus contains genetic material, which controls the activities of the cell.
What is cytoplasm?
Most chemical processes take place here, controlled by enzymes.
What is cell membrane?
Cell membrane controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
What is mitochondria?
Most energy is released by respiration here.
What happens at the ribosomes?
Protein synthesis happens here.
What is a cell wall?
A cell wall strengthens the cell.
What are chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
What is a permanent vacuole?
A permanent vacuole is filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid.
How can you work out the magnification of a light microscope?
total magnification = magnifying power of eyepiece lens x magnifying power of objective lens
How can you work out the resolving power?
resolving power = wavelength ~ 2
What does chromosomal DNA do?
The chromosomal DNA carries most of the genetic information.
What does plasmid DNA do?
Plasmid DNA forms small loops and carries extra information.
What does flagella/a flagellum do?
Flagellum is a whip like tail. This helps the bacteria to move itself along.
What features does a plant cell have?
- nucleus
- cell wall
- large ribosomes
- mitochondria
- cytoplasm
- no flagellum
- chloroplasts
- cell membrane
- vacuole
What features does an animal cell have?
- nucleus
- no cell wall
- large ribosomes
- mitochondria
- cytoplasm
- no flagellum
- no chloroplasts
- cell membrane
- no vacuole
What features does a bacteria cell have?
- no nucleus
- cell wall
- small ribosomes
- mitochondria
- some have a flagellum
- no chloroplasts
- cell membrane
- no vacuole
