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Human Physiology > Respiration > Flashcards

Flashcards in Respiration Deck (26)
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0
Q

transfer of O2 and CO2 BETWEEN alveoli and blood and between blood and tissue is which transport method

A

Diffusion

1
Q

Ventilation (external resp) is convective or diffusive?

A

convective movt of air into alveoli

2
Q

gas (O2 CO2) transport BY blood is

A

convective

3
Q

Internal respiration is

A

intracellular metabolic processes that use O2 and produce CO2

4
Q

Arteriolized blood

A

went through lungs and oxygenated

5
Q

Gas exchange occurs only in

A

alvioli and small bronchioles

6
Q

Anatomy

A

trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli:
all have smooth muscle and cilia (at least some) except alveoli
trachea and bronchi have cartilage
no cartilage in resp bronchioles and alveoli

7
Q

Conducting zone is aka

A

Anatomical dead space: not available for gas exchange

generations 1 - 16

8
Q

Respiratory zone is

A

Gas exchange zone/alveolar ventilation volume:

generations 17-23

9
Q

alveolar duct

A

when so many alveoli that they make up the wall

10
Q

Bronchus vs. bronchiole

A

2 mm vs 0.2 mm

CARTILAGE, sm muscle, submucosal gland, PA (pulm artery) (rigid) vs. NO CARTILAGE (expand)

11
Q

Smooth m of bronchi and bronchioles is controlled by

A

ANS:
SNS - Beta2 receptor (airway dilation) (Albuterol is an agonist)
PNS - Muscarinic receptor (constriction)

12
Q

diameter of bronchioles depend on

A

lung volume

13
Q

Terminal Resp Unit (TRU)

A

Acinus:
small airways and alveoli served by terminal bronchiole
about 2000 alveoli

14
Q

SRB resp bronchioles

A

have some alveoli

15
Q

What receives whole cardiac output?

A

Pulmonary Artery (From RV)

16
Q

Why need to keep pressure in capillaries as low as possible?

A

to prevent fluid from moving into alveolar sack.

almost nothing to prevent fluid from moving from lumen of capillary into alveolar sack -> edema

17
Q

When hyperventilate:

A

Lower CO2 and make less acidic

18
Q

When hypoventilate

A

Raise CO2 (lower O2) and increase acid

19
Q

where are blood becarbonate and CO2 levels regulated?

A

bicarb - kidney

CO2 - lungs

20
Q

Non resp fx of lungs

A

Lungs receive ALL of CO
angiotensin converting enzyme AngI to Ang II
enzymes that inactivate bradykinin and some prostaglandins
serotonin removed
IgA immunoglobulins released

21
Q

Respiratory quotient RQ or RER (resp exchange ratio)

A

ratio of VCO2 to VO2
fats: 0.7
carbs: 1.0
mixed or protein: 0.8 (assume this one if value not given)

22
Q

VO2

A

Oxy consumption

23
Q

VCO2

A

CO2 production

24
Q

Q

A

volume of blood

25
Q

A vs a

A

A: Alveolar

a: arterial
v: venous

L: lung
I inspired E expired
v