Respiration

Question 1

Anabolic

Answer 1

Biochemical reactions where large molecules are synthesised from small ones

Question 2

Catabolic

Answer 2

Larger molecules hydrolysed to produce smaller molecules

Question 3

Glycolysis

Answer 3

Metabolic pathway where each glucose molecule is broken down to two molecules of pyruvate. It occurs in the cytoplasm of all living cells and is common to anaerobic and aerobic respiration

Question 4

Mitochondria

Answer 4

Organelles found in eukaryotes.

Site of link reaction, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. (Site of aerobic respiration)

Question 5

Link reaction

Answer 5

Converts pyruvate to acetate. NAD is reduced

Question 6

Krebs cycle

Answer 6

Oxidises acetate to C02. 3 NAD and 1 FAD are reduced. 1 ATP made by substrate level phosphorylation

Question 7

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 7

Formation of ATP by adding a phosphate group to ADP, in the presence of oxygen (the final electron acceptor)

Question 8

Chemiosmosis

Answer 8

Diffusion of ions through a partially permeable membrane. Specifically protons across a membrane coupled with generation of ATP during respiration

Question 9

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 9

Release of energy from substrates such as glucose in the absence of oxygen

Question 10

Respiratory substrate

Answer 10

Organic substance that can be used for respiration

Question 11

ATP

Answer 11

A phosphorylated nucleotide and the universal energy currency