Respiration Flashcards
(11 cards)
Explain glycolysis
Glucose phosphorylated using 2 ATP to form hexose phosphate
Hexose phosphate forms two mols of triose phosphate
Each TP loses 2H and reduces NAD
Two ATP produced
Pyruvate (3C) produced
Explain link reaction
Pyruvate is decarboxylated (reduced NAD) and dehydrogenated
Actyl attaches to coenzyme A to produce acetyl coenzyme A
Explain krebs cycle
Acetyl coA binds with oxoloacetate forming a 6C compound
NAD is reduced, decarboxylation
5 carbon compound forms, NAD reduced decarboxylation and 1 ATP produced
4 carbon compound forms, FAD reduced
4 carbon compound then undergoes dehydrogenation to reduce NAD to reform oxoloactetate
What are the products of krebs
1 coA 2 4C mols 4 CO2 2ATP 6 reduced NAD 2 reduced FAD
What happens in the electron transport chain?
NADH+ is associated with 3 proton pumps and release 3 ATP
FADH+ is associated with 2 proton pumps and release 2 ATP
At the end, electrons and protons combine with oxygen to form water. Without this there would be an accumulation and a proton gradient for chemiosmosis wouldn’t occur. Cell would die quickly
What does cyanide do?
Non competitive inhibitor of the final electron carrier
Anaerobic respiration on animals
Glycolysis continues, pyruvate becomes the final electron acceptor. Lactic acid forms
anaerobic respiration in yeast
Puruvate is decarboxylated, forming ethanal
Reduced NaD passes H+ to ethanal to form ethanol
How many ATP mols are produced during chemiosmosis?
34
How are lipids used for alternative respiratory substrates ?
Hydrolysed into fatty acids and glycerol
Glycerol converts to triose phosphate
How are proteins used for alternative respiratory substrates ?
Hudrolysed into amino acids which are deaminated in the liver forming keto acid and ammonia
Some keto acids are fed into glycolysis via pyruvate or into krebs via acetyl coA
