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Q2 Physio FINAL > Respiration intro > Flashcards

Respiration intro Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

External Respiration is?

A

gas exchange b/w external air ->
lungs ->
blood ->
tissues

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2
Q

Ventilation is?

A

convective mvmt of air into alveoli

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3
Q

Gas transfer (O2/CO2 ) in External Respiration occurs b/w?

A

alveoli and cells

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4
Q

In External Respiration, gas TRANSFER (O2/CO2) is through what mechanism?

A

Diffusion:
b/w alveoli and blood
b/w blood and tissue

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5
Q

In External Respiration, gas TRANSPORTATION by the blood is through what mechanism?

A

convection

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6
Q

Internal Respiration is?

A

intracellular metabolism
consumes O2
produces CO2

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7
Q

Alveoli are?

Do what?

A

small terminal sacs

site of gas exchange

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8
Q

Airway Path?

How many branchings?

A 
nasal/oral cavities ->
pharynx ->
larynx ->
trachea ->
bronchi ->
bronchioles ->
alveoli

23 branchings

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9
Q

Conducting Zone is?

A

anatomical dead space:
made of 1st 16 branchings
(trachea to terminal bronchioles)

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10
Q

Respiratory Zone is?

A

gas exchange zone:
alveolar ventilation volume
branches 17-23
(respiratory bronchioles to alveolar sacs)

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11
Q

Bronchi anatomy?

A 
2mm
cartilage
smooth mm
submucosal gland
pulmonary artery
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12
Q

Cartilage in bronchi affects diameter how?

A

rigid so doesn’t ∆ w/ lung volume

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13
Q

Bronchiole anatomy?

A

0.2mm
smooth mm
pulmonary artery
embedded in CT framework of lungs

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14
Q

θ cartilage in bronchioles affects diameter how?

A

diameter dependent on lung vol

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15
Q

Smooth mm of bronchi and bronchioles controlled by?

A

ANS (autonomic)

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16
Q

SNS control of smooth mm in bronch:
receptors?
action?

A

β2 receptor

airway dilation

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17
Q

PNS control of smooth mm in bronch:
receptors?
action?

A

M receptor

airway constriction

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18
Q

Terminal Respiratory Unit (acinus) is?

A

small airways and alveoli served by terminal bronchiole,

each TRU has 2000 alveoli

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19
Q

Respiratory bronchioles have wall that contain?

20
Q

Alveolar ducts have wall that contain?

Study These Flashcards
A

made entirely of alveoli

21
Q

Trachea:
Cilia?
Smooth mm?
Cartilage?

22
Q

Bronchi:
Cilia?
Smooth mm?
Cartilage?

23
Q

Bronchioles:
Cilia?
Smooth mm?
Cartilage?

24
Q

Respiratory Bronchioles:
Cilia?
Smooth mm?
Cartilage?

25
Alveoli: Cilia? Smooth mm? Cartilage?
no no no
26
Alveoli vasculature?
surrounded by pulmonary capillaries | in continuous sheet
27
Entire cardiac output goes to?
pulmonary artery -> | lungs
28
Pulmonary circulation pressure is?
low | 20 cm H2O for 6L/min
29
Cytoplasmic diffusion distance thru pulmonary capillary is?
0.3 microns
30
Layers of blood-gas barrier b/w alveoli and pulmonary capillary? (3)
1) alveolar epithelium (type I cell) 2) interstitial fluid 3) capillary endothelium
31
Non-Respiratory Fxn of Lungs?
1) Acid/Base control | 2) Metabolic fxns
32
Blood Acid/Base status controlled by?
CO2 and bicarbonate
33
Blood bicarbonate regulated by?
kidney
34
Blood CO2 regulated by? How?
lungs hyper or hypoventilation short term control
35
Hyperventilation is?
↑ Valv lower PaCO2 = less acid ``` alv = alveolar a = arterioles ```
36
Hypoventilation is?
↓ Valv | higher PaCo2 = more acid
37
Metabolic Fxns of lungs?
modify blood-borne material before return to circulation
38
What metabolic modifications are processed by the lungs? (4)
1) angiotensin converting enz (ang I to ang II) 2) activation of bradykinin, prostaglandins 3) seratonin uptake and storage 4) release IgA
39
Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER)?
ratio of Vco2 to Vo2
40
Respiratory Quotient (RQ)?
same thing as RER
41
RER for fats?
0.7
42
RER for protein or mixed fat/carb?
0. 8* | * assume this value if none given
43
RER for carbs?
1.0
44
Dalton's Partial Pressures (of Inspired Air)?
Px = (Pb - Ph2o) Fx ``` Px = pressure of gas X in mmHg Pb = barometric pressure (760 mmHg) Ph2o = water vapor pressure at 37C (47mmHg) Fx = fractional [gas X] (0.21 for O2) ```
45
Boyle's Law?
P1/P2 = V2/V1 | P and V inversely related
46
Anatomical Dead Space is?
volume of inhaled air that does not take part in gas exchange: remains in conducting airways, or reaches unperfused alveoli
47
Symbols for Respiratory Physio: C = F = Q = R = S = V =
C = [gas] in blood F = fractional concentration (%) Q = vol of blood R = respiratory exchange ratio S = saturation of Hb w/ O2 (%) V = vol of gas

Q2 Physio FINAL (9 decks)

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