Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CEN2 > RESPIRATORY > Flashcards

RESPIRATORY Flashcards

1
Q

Best objective measurement for asthma

A

Peak flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Chronic, reversible, triggers, children can have apenic periods/decreased HR

A

Asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the problem with asthma? What phase is prolonged? When does wheezing occur?

A

Problem with air getting out due to vasoconstriction. Expiratory phase is prolonged. Wheezing initially on exhalation and then worsens to inhalation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a big risk for patients with bronchiolitis?

A

Dehydration due to increased RR and poor feeding - give humidified oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Intermediate step b/t O2 and intubation

A

CPAP/BiPAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What kind of CXR infiltrate typically is seen with PNA? TB?

A

PNA = middle/LL

TB = upper lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When do antibiotics need to be given for strep PNA?

A

Within 4 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cramping hands/feet d/t hyperventilation

A

carpopedal spasms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What 6 things are risk factors for a pneumothorax?

A

-Marfans
-Ehlers Danlos
-Smoking
-Drugs
-Meds
-Prior PTX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When do we get a CXR for PTX patients with a chest tube?

A

Immediately after insertion and at 4 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What lung sounds do we hear in pts with a PTX?

A

absent or markedly decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How much blood in a patient with a hemothorax needs OR/open thoracotomy?

A

> 1000 mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What kind of shock does a tension PTX cause?

A

Obstructive due to pressure on the mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do we treat a tension pneumo?

A

Immediately with a 14g/3.25” or larger needle @ 2nd ICS MCL affected side, reassess, will need chest tube and OR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What symptom does a PE cause? What kind of shock can a large PE lead to?

A

Progressive and unexplained SOB
Obstructive shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Diffuse inflammatory response in lungs; sudden, progressive, severe; diffuse b/l infiltrates; commonly assoc with pulm contusion

A

ARDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the 7 Ps in RSI?

A

-Prepare
-Pre-oxygenate (also “do-nitrogenation” - 100% O2 x 3 minutes with NRB)
-Pre-treat (sedate, consider lido for ICP protection and atropine in peds to prevent bradycardia)
-Paralyze
-Placement (Sellick = crich pressure)
-Proof (observe, listen, ETCO2, CXR)
-Post-intubation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What kind of pressure do we typically have? What kind of pressure does a vent use?

A

We use negative pressure; vent uses positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are 4 causes of vent alarms?

A

DOPE
Dislodged
Obstruction
Pneumothorax
Equipment

20
Q

What is normal with a chest tube?

A

Water seal with intermittent bubbling and mild fluctuations with patients respirations

21
Q

What usually means a leak in a chest tube? Where do we normally see a leak?

A

continuous bubbling = leak
leak is usually at insertion site

22
Q

What is the maximum amount of time we can clamp a chest tube?

A

1 minute

23
Q

How do we ventilate with a combitube/dual lumen? What do we do with the other lumen?

A

Ventilate using whatever port makes chest go up and down, clamp off the other tube

24
Q

What does acidity (pH <7.35) cause? (3)

A

-decreased cardiac contraction force
-decreased vascular response to catecholamines
-decreased action of some meds

25
Q

What does alkalosis (pH >7.45) interfere with? (3)

A

-tissue oxygenation
-neuro function
-muscular function

26
Q

Partial pressure of CO2 dissolved in the bloodstream

A

PaCO2

27
Q

What is a normal PaCO2?

A

35-45

28
Q

This is the amount of excess or insufficient amount of bicard in the system

A

Base excess

29
Q

What is a normal base excess?

A

-2 to +2, with a negative BE meaning HCO3 deficit in the blood

30
Q

What buffers pH rapid but crude?

What buffers pH slow but precise?

A

Lungs / respiratory

Kidneys / metabolic

31
Q

What is caused by any condition that causes hypoventilation?

A

Respiratory Acidosis

32
Q

What is caused by any condition that causes hyperventilation?

A

Respiratory Alkalosis

33
Q

pH <7.35, PaCO2 >45

A

Respiratory Acidosis

34
Q

pH >7.45, PaCO2 <35

A

Respiratory Alkalosis

35
Q

What 6 things might cause a metabolic acidosis?

A

-DKA
-renal failure
-starvation
-ASA OD
-shock
-sepsis

36
Q

What 3 things might cause a metabolic alkalosis?

A

this is RARE
-antacid OD
-excess use of bicarb
-acid loss through vomiting

37
Q

pH <7.35, HCO3 <22

A

Metabolic Acidosis

38
Q

pH >7.45, HCO3 >26

A

Metabolic Alkalosis

39
Q

ABGs: uncompensated

Problem system ?
Functioning system ?
pH ?

A

Problem system abnormal
Functioning system WNL
pH abnormal

40
Q

ABGs: partially compensated

Problem system ?
Functioning system ?
pH ?

A

Problem system abnormal
Functioning system abnormal
pH abnormal

41
Q

ABGs: compensated

Problem system ?
Functioning system ?
pH ?

A

Problem system abnormal
Functioning system abnormal
pH WNL

42
Q

pH: 7.30
PaCO2: 36
HCO3: 14
PaO2: 70

A

pH: 7.30 = acidosis
PaCO2: 36 = normal
HCO3: 14 = acidosis
PaO2: 70 = low

Uncompensated Metabolic Acidosis

43
Q

pH: 7.47
PaCO2: 30
HCO3: 18
PaO2: 81

A

pH: 7.47 = alkalosis
PaCO2: 30 = alkalosis
HCO3: 18 = acidosis
PaO2: 81 = normal

Partially Compensated Respiratory Alkalosis

44
Q

pH: 7.52
PaCO2: 50
BE: +3
PaO2: 81

A

pH: 7.52 = alkalosis
PaCO2: 50 = acidosis
BE: +3 = alkalosis
PaO2: 81 = normal

Partially Compensated Metabolic Alkalosis

45
Q

pH: 7.38
PaCO2: 27
HCO3: 17
PaO2: 80

A

pH: 7.38 = WNL (more acid)
PaCO2: 27 = alkalosis
HCO3: 17 = acidosis
PaO2: 80 = normal

Compensated Metabolic Acidosis

46
Q

pH: 7.37
PaCO2: 58
BE: +14

A

pH: 7.37 = WNL (more acid)
PaCO2: 58 = acidosis
BE: +14 = alkalosis

Compensated Respiratory Acidosis

CEN2 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions