Respiratory

Question 1

what is bronchiectasis

Answer 1

chrnoic widening of the bronchus and their branches causing risk of infection

Question 2

emphysema

Answer 2

damage and rupture of the avleoli

Question 3

what does a barrel chest mean

Answer 3

hyperinflated chest

Question 4

COPD

Answer 4

obstructive

Question 5

idiopathis pulmonary disease

Answer 5

restrictive

Question 6

asthma

Answer 6

obstructive

Question 7

sleep apneoa

Answer 7

obstructive

Question 8

bronchiectasis

Answer 8

obstructive

Question 9

cystic fibrosis

Answer 9

obstructive

Question 10

asbestosis

Answer 10

restrictive

Question 11

sarcoidosis

Answer 11

restrictive

Question 12

most common organism in bronchiectasis

Answer 12

haemophilus influenzae

Question 13

COPD features on CXR

Answer 13

1) hyperinflation
2) flattened hemidiaphragms
3) hyperlucent lung fields

Question 14

what is lights criteria and what does it show

Answer 14

distinguish between exudate and transudate
exudate: >30g/L
transudate: <30g/L

Question 15

where does tuberculosis cause pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 15

upper zone

Question 16

CURB65

Answer 16

C: Confusion
U: urea >7mmol
R: rr >30
B: sys 90 or dys 60
65: over 65yrs

Question 17

what is mesothelioma

Answer 17

cancer of the mesothelial layer of the pleural cavity, strongly associated with asbestos exposure

Question 18

confusion in an asthma attack is

Answer 18

a life threatening feature

Question 19

what is the PEFR score for moderate, severe, life threatening asthma

Answer 19

moderate: 50-75%
severe: 33-50%
life threatening: <33%

Question 20

tx for alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency

Answer 20

lung volume reduction surgery

Question 21

what is adult respiratory distress syndrome

Answer 21

acute condition characterised by pulmonary infiltrates and severe hypoxemia

Question 22

what is the tx for obstructive sleep apnoea

Answer 22

weight loss then CPAP

Question 23

asbestosis pc

Answer 23

SOBOE
clubbing
bilateral end-inspiratory crackles

Question 24

mesothelioma is caused by

Answer 24

cancer commonly caused by asbestosis

Question 25

bronchiectasis

Answer 25

persistent cough
sputum production
recurrent episodes of fever

Question 26

normal pCO2 is an indication of

Answer 26

life threatnening asthma, due to high RR driven by hypoxia

Question 27

what type of lung cancer can cause Cushing’s syndrome

Answer 27

Small cell lung cancer secreting ACTH

Question 28

pulmonary embolism abg causes

Answer 28

respiratory alkalosis

Question 29

What does obstructive in resp mean?

Answer 29

Conditions that make it hard to exhale all the air in the lungs

Question 30

What does restrictive in resp mean

Answer 30

People with difficulty fully expanding their lungs with air