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3. Nursing Pharmacology > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

(40 cards)

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1
Q

antihistamine examples

A

1st gen- diphenhydramine
(benadryl)
2nd generation - Nonsedating-all OTC now cetirizine (zyrtec), fexofenadine (allegra),
(Claritin)

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2
Q

1 st generation antihistamine SE

A
  • -drowsiness, dizziness

- anticholinergic- (dry mouth, urinary retention, blurred vision)

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3
Q

Antihistamine interaction

A

↑ CNS depression with alcohol, avoid MAOIs

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4
Q

Antihistamine CA

A

LOC

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5
Q

Antihistamine PT

A
  • don’t drive-drowsy
  • avoid alcohol
  • use sunblock (photosensitivity)
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6
Q

nasal decongestants

A

adrenergic agonists:
-oxymetazoline (Afrin) -naphazoline (Allerest ) -pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

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7
Q

nasal decongestants SE

A
  • alpha adrenergic effect

- HTN, tachycardia, hyperglycemia

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8
Q

nasal decongestants CA

A

BP

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9
Q

nasal decongestants PT

A

should not use nasal decongestants longer than 5 days to prevent rebound nasal congestion

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10
Q

intranasal glucocorticoids treat ….

A

allergic rhinitis

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11
Q

Antitussives examples

A
  • Narcotic-codeine

- nonnarcotic-dextrometh-orphan

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12
Q

Antitussives action

A
  • suppress cough reflex

- suppress non-productive cough

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13
Q

Antitussives CA

A

cough & for Narc. RR

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14
Q

Expectorant examples

A
  • guaifenesin (Robitussin, Humibid)

- iodonated glycerol

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15
Q

Expectorant action

A

liquefy and thin secretions

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16
Q

Expectorant CA & PT

A

none but encourage liquids to thin secretions

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17
Q

lower respiratory med classes (3)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. bronchodilators- beta 1
  2. anticholinergics
  3. methylxanthines
18
Q

Bronchodilators SNS effect (2)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. -Bronchodilators- beta agonists-2.sympathomimetics

- adrenergic

19
Q

Bronchodilators examples (5)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. epinephrine-alpha +beta
  2. isoproterenol (Isuprel) - beta1+2
  3. Albuterol (Proventil)-selective beta2
  4. Salmeterol (Serevent)-select. beta2
  5. Advair: Salmeterol + fluticasone(steroid)=PDI
20
Q

Bronchodilators action

Study These Flashcards
A

dilates bronchioles

21
Q

Bronchodilators SE

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Palpitations
  • nervousness
  • tachycardia
  • dysrhythmias
  • HTN
22
Q

Bronchodilators CA

23
Q

Bronchodilators PT

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Albuterol is for rescue

- Salmeterol- prophylaxis

24
Q

anticholinergic bronchodilators examples (3)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)
  2. Tiotropium (Spiriva Handihaler)
  3. Combo: Ipratropium/
    Albuterol(Combivent)
25
anticholinergic bronchodilators use
- block the effects of acetylcholine | - prevents/reduces broncho-constriction of smooth muscle of bronchus
26
anticholinergic bronchodilators contraind
narrow angle glaucoma
27
anticholinergic bronchodilators CA
none
28
anticholinergic bronchodilators PT
- Teaching- Use beta-agonist 5 min before anticholinergic | - use glucocorticoid 5 min after anticholinergic
29
methylxanthine derivative examples
aminophylline, theophylline
30
methylxanthine derivative action
Relaxes smooth muscle of bronchi, bronchioles cAMP promoting bronchodilation
31
methylxanthine T-range
10-20 mcg/ml | -toxic> 20
32
methylxanthine CA
theophylline blood levels
33
glucocorticoids examples
-Fluticasone (Flonase) -Beclomethasone (Vanceril) -Flunisolide (Aerobid) -Triamcinolone (Nasacort, Azmacort) -Budesonide (Rhinocort) Oral: Prednisone IV: Methylpred-nisolone (Solu-Medrol)
34
glucocorticoids SE
- hyperglycemia (monitor for DM) - risk for infection - HTN - HF - hypokalemia, -hypernatremia - peptic ulcers
35
glucocorticoids PT
- Do not stop the drug abruptly- must be tapered - take every dose - avoid exposure to infections - must take oral meds with meals
36
mast cell stabilizers ex
cromolyn
37
mast cell stabilizers action
- anti-inflammatory effect and suppresses the release of histamine - prophylactic
38
mucolytic examples(2)
1. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) | 2. Dornase alfa (Pulmozyne)
39
mucolytic action
-liquefies and loosens thick mucus secretions
40
Acetylcysteine antidote for ....
also an antidote for acetaminophen overdose-if within 12-24 hours

3. Nursing Pharmacology (22 decks)

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