Respiratory

Question 1

the body cavity that connects the nasal and oral cavities with the larynx and esophagus.

Answer 1

pharynx

Question 2

upper part of the pharynx, connecting with the nasal cavity above the soft palate.

Answer 2

nasopharynx

Question 3

part of the pharynx that lies between the soft palate and the hyoid bone

Answer 3

oropharynx

Question 4

where both food and air pass. an be found between the hyoid bone and the larynx and esophagus, which helps guide food and air where to go.

Answer 4

laryngopharynx

Question 5

type of paranasal sinus. two, large. in the frontal bone, which forms the lower part of the forehead and reaches over the eye sockets and eyebrows.

Answer 5

frontal sinus

Question 6

type of paranasal sinus. are found in the spongy ethmoid bone in the upper part of the nose between the eyes. lined with cells that make mucus to keep the nose from drying out.

Answer 6

ethmoidal sinus

Question 7

one of the four paired paranasal sinuses that is contained within the body of the sphenoid bone.

Answer 7

sphenoidal sinus

Question 8

one of the four paranasal sinuses, which are sinuses located near the nose. the largest of the paranasal sinuses. located below the cheeks, above the teeth and on the sides of the nose.

Answer 8

maxillary sinus

Question 9

nostrils

Answer 9

external naris

Question 10

one of the two apertures at the back of the nasal cavity that opens into the nasopharynx, the open space behind the nasal cavity in the airways. known as the posterior nasal aperture

Answer 10

internal naris

Question 11

the bone and cartilage in the nose that separates the nasal cavity into the two nostrils.

Answer 11

nasal septum

Question 12

the horizontal bony plate that makes a subsection of the palate of the mouth. makes the anterior two-thirds of the roof of the oral cavity. made of two facial bones: palatine process of the maxilla and paired palatine bones.

Answer 12

hard palate

Question 13

the soft tissue constituting the back of the roof of the mouth.

Answer 13

soft palate

Question 14

auditory tube. Eustachian tube. a tube that links the nasopharynx to the middle ear.

Answer 14

pharyngotympanic tube

Question 15

a leaf-shaped flap in the throat that keeps food from entering the windpipe and the lungs. made of elastic cartilage covered with a mucous membrane, attached to the entrance of the larynx.

Answer 15

epiglottis

Question 16

the teardrop-shaped piece of soft tissue that hangs down the back of your throat. made from connective tissue, saliva-producing glands, and some muscle tissue. you eat, your soft palate and uvula prevent foods and liquids from going up your nose.

Answer 16

uvula

Question 17

a hyaline cartilage structure that sits in front of the larynx and above the thyroid gland. also called the Adam’s apple

Answer 17

thyroid cartilage

Question 18

a ring of cartilage that surrounds the trachea, or windpipe. located near the middle and center of the neck. consists of strong connective tissue constituting the dorsal (back) part of the larynx, or voice box

Answer 18

cricoid cartilage

Question 19

folds of tissue in the throat that are key in creating sounds through vocalization. size affects the pitch of voice. open when breathing and vibrating for speech or singing

Answer 19

vocal folds

Question 20

also known as the vestibular or false vocal folds are located above the true vocal folds and separated from them by the laryngeal ventricle. a safeguard for the airway: when you swallow or choke, they squeeze together to prevent material from being inhaled into the lungs.

Answer 20

ventricular folds

Question 21

part of the larynx consisting of the vocal cords and the opening between them. affects voice modulation through expansion or contraction.

Answer 21

glottis

Question 22

hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holding the vocal cords in humans and other mammals; the voice box.

Answer 22

larynx

Question 23

a large membranous tube reinforced by rings of cartilage, extending from the larynx to the bronchial tubes and conveying air to and from the lungs; the windpipe.

Answer 23

trachea

Question 24

is strong but flexible tissue. help support the trachea while still allowing it to move and flex during breathing.

Answer 24

tracheal cartilages

Question 25

a passage or airway in the respiratory system that conducts air into the lungs.

Answer 25

primary bronchus

Question 26

divide further into tertiary bronchi

Answer 26

secondary bronchus

Question 27

any of the minute branches into which a bronchus divides.

Answer 27

bronchiole

Question 28

the most distal segment of the conducting zone. divides to form respiratory bronchioles which contain a small number of alveoli.

Answer 28

terminal bronchiole

Question 29

the narrowest airways of the lungs. deliver air to the exchange surfaces of the lungs.

Answer 29

respiratory bronchiole

Question 30

tiny ducts that connect the respiratory bronchioles to alveolar sacs, each of which contains a collection of alveoli (small mucus-lined pouches made of flattened epithelial cells).

Answer 30

alveolar duct

Question 31

any of the many tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange.

Answer 31

alveolus

Question 32

or lung roots, are relatively complicated structures that consist mainly of the major bronchi and the pulmonary arteries and veins. found on the medial aspect of each lung, and it is the only site of entrance or exit of structures associated with the lungs.

Answer 32

hilum

Question 33

the lateral deflection of the anterior border of the left lung. produced to accommodate the space taken up by the heart.

Answer 33

cardiac notch

Question 34

the outer membrane which is attached to the inner surface of the thoracic cavity.

Answer 34

parietal pleura

Question 35

the delicate serous membrane that covers the surface of each lung

Answer 35

visceral pleura

Question 36

the thin fluid-filled space between the two pulmonary pleurae (known as visceral and parietal) of each lung.

Answer 36

pleural cavity

Question 37

a dome-shaped muscular partition separating the thorax from the abdomen. as its contraction increases the volume of the thorax and so inflates the lungs.

Answer 37

diaphragm

Question 38

small muscles located in between each rib. motions of these muscles assist the lungs by raising the ribs and expanding the chest cavity.

Answer 38

external intercostals

Question 39

responsible for forced exhalation. depress the ribs and decrease space in the chest cavity.

Answer 39

internal intercostals

Question 40

is the maximum amount of air that can fill the lungs (TLC = TV + IRV + ERV + RV).

Answer 40

total lung capacity

Question 41

the lung volume representing the normal volume of air displaced between normal inhalation and exhalation when extra effort is not applied

Answer 41

tidal volume

Question 42

the greatest volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after taking the deepest possible breath.

Answer 42

vital capacity

Question 43

additional amount of air that can be expired from the lungs by determined effort after normal expiration

Answer 43

expiratory reserve volume

Question 44

the additional amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inspiration (tidal volume).

Answer 44

inspiratory reserve volume

Question 45

is the amount of air that remains in a person's lungs after fully exhaling.

Answer 45

residual volume

Question 46

represents the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange.

Answer 46

airway dead space

Question 47

the tidal volume times the respiratory rate, usually, 500 mL × 12 breaths/min = 6000 mL/min.

Answer 47

alveolar minute volume