Respiratory Anat and Phys. Lab 5 Flashcards
(29 cards)
what is the flow of blood controlled by?
heart rate and blood pressure
how is breathing rate expressed
breaths/minute normally around 8-12 breaths per minute
what are the apices of the lung and where do they extend?
the apices are the corners of the tops of the lungs lateral to the heart.
what is the outermost surface of the chest cavity?
thoracic well (rib cage, associated with its muscles)
what does the diaphragm create
the inferior portion of the thoracic cavity
does air pressure go from high to low
yes
as the volume of a sealed container increases, the pressure of the gas inside the container does what
decreases
is the pressure of the gas said to be proportional or inversely proportional to the size (volume) of the container
inversely proportional
What is Boyle’s law?
pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship, when temperature is held constant.
How is the mechanical process of pulmonary ventilation achieved?
it is achieved by rhythmically changing the volume in the thoracic cavity (chest cavity)
what enlarges the thoracic cavity
inhalation, a mechanical process
what nerve innervates the diaphragm, causing the dome-shaped muscle to flatten
phrenic nerve
where does the phrenic nerve exit the brain and spinal column?
it exits the central nervous system (C3-C5) and travels to the diaphragm
what is responsible for most of your breathing efforts at rest
diaphragm
the flow is proportional to the radius to what power
4th power
at 50% reduction in the radius of the tubes in a system will result in what fold
16 fold decrease in flow
if your airway increased from 2mm to 4mm in radius (bronchodilation), your airflow would improve by what percent?
16% because it would be 2 to the 4th power
how much can a person typically forcibly exhale of their total lung capacity (vital capacity) in one second? also what is this called
75-85%, FEV1
Blood is viscous (thickness) and air is not
true
What does a spirometer record?
rate and depth of breathing, speed and expiration, and rate of oxygen consumption
what produces variation for respiratory volumes?
size, sex, age, and physical condition
how do you find minute ventilation?
tidal volume multiplied by the frequency of breathing that was observed for one minute example: 12breathspm*0.5L/breath=6.0L/minute
what is minute ventilation?
it is the amount of gas moved through the respiratory system in a minute
what is tidal volume?
amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under testing conditions. normally about 0.5L for the adult male. Breathing rate is typically 12 breaths per minute
