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Respiratory Assessment week 1 Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

Normal Range

A

(12-20 per min)

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2
Q

-observation and auscultation are the way to check resps.

A

Tachypnea- more than 20
Bradypnea (less than 12)
eupnea (normal range)

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3
Q

O2 SAT

A 
Normal Range (O2 SAT: 95%-100%)
Procedure (no movement)
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4
Q

Chest Assessment

A

Anterior Thorax - front of chest

Lateral Thorax - side of chest

Posterior Thorax - back of chest

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5
Q

Chest Auscultation

A

Enables the nurse to identify normal
and abnormal heart and lung sounds

 Move from right to left on the front   
 and then the back
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6
Q

Normal Breath Sounds

A

Vesicular (around the alveoli)

Bronchovesicular (around the trachea)

Bronchial (near the neck)

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7
Q

Adventitious Breath Sounds

A

Fine Crackles (formerly known as rales)

Coarse Crackles

Friction Rub

Sonorous Wheeze (formerly known as Rhonchi)

Sibilant Wheeze (such as asthma,high pitch)

Stridor

Atelectasis

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8
Q

Physiology of Respirations (Review)

A

Diffusion

Hematocrit (how thick the blood, lows oxygenation)

Hemoglobin (carries blood)
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9
Q

Alterations in Respiratory Function

A
  • Obstruction
  • Cheyne-Stokes (cranial pressure, before death)
  • Biot’s ( damage to the resp center)
  • Dyspnea (difficulty breathing)
  • Orthopnea ( inability to breath except in an upright or standing position)
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10
Q

Hypoxemia -

A

reduced levels of O2 in the blood

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11
Q

Hypoxia -

A

Inadequate tissue oxygenation a the cellular level

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12
Q

Cyanosis -

A

Hypoxemia and Hypoxia left untreated cyanosis develops (late stage of hypoxemia and hypoxia)

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13
Q

What can the nurse do to assist in the promotion of oxygenation?

A
  • tripod position
  • high Fowler position
  • any upright position
  • moving them around, if they can
  • fluids (prevents sec that can make it tick and promotes circulation)
  • coughing
  • lastly give meds and oxygen
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14
Q

ppl with COPD

A

oxygen can be worse for them

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15
Q

When should oxygen be administered to a patient and what information about caring for a patient with oxygen should the nurse be aware of?

A

always need an order

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16
Q

What safety precautions need to be taken for a patient with oxygen therapy? (discharged paitents)

A

liquid oxygen tanks make sure there is enough in the tank. (like if they are discharged)

  • it is flammable
  • wool
  • wires
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17
Q

Oxygen Delivery Devices

A

Nasal Cannula ( nasal prongs) (drys out nose and cause irritation)(can get pressure ulcers)( can get clogged)

Simple Face Mask (not proper oxygen being given)

Partial and Nonrebreather Masks (google)

Venturi Mask (gives accurate amount of oxygen being given)

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18
Q

oxygen in room air

A

21% oxygen

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19
Q

Ambu Bag

A

A hand-held device used to provide positive pressure ventilation to a patient who is not breathing or who is breathing inadequately.

The patient is frequently referred to as “bagging” the patient.

Frequently used in emergencies, in the OR, ambulances

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20
Q

What is the difference between CPAP and BiPAPand how does the nurse care for patient’s using this equipment?

A

CPAP- sleep apnea continuous air pressure
BIPAP- diff levels of air pressure
- the nurse gotta check if it works, fits,

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21
Q

What nursing interventions should the nurse include when caring for a client with a chest tube?

A
  • check enviroment
  • vitals
  • drainage
  • resp assessment
  • need clamps
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22
Q

Perioperative refers to the three phases of surgery:

A

Preoperative

Intraoperative (in the OR)

Postoperative.

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23
Q

perioperative

Study These Flashcards
A

The goal of perioperative care is to provide better conditions for patients before operation, during operation, and after operation.

Surgery is classified according to the purpose, urgency, level of invasiveness, body part, type of equipment, degree of risk.

24
Q

Surgical Risk Factors

Study These Flashcards
A
  • age
  • immuno suppressed
  • any health probs
25
What does the nurse include as part of their preoperative assessment?
consent | and signature from the person operating
26
external resp
interchange of oxygen and CO2 between the alveoli of the lings and th pulmoanry blood
27
internal respirations
takes place throughout the body. change of gases between circ blood and the cells of body tissues
28
ventialtion
movement of air in and out of lungs
29
two types of breathing
costal (thoracic) | diaphragmatic (abdominal)
30
during inhalation
diaphragm contracts, ribs move upward and outward, sternum outward
31
exhalation
diaphragm relaxes ribs move inward and down,
32
respiration is controlled by
the resp cenetr in the medulla oblongata and the pons of the brain, AND the chemoreceptors in the medulla
33
tidal volume
noral volume a person breathes in (usually ~500 ml)
34
kussmauls breathing
abnormal deep breaths, rapid and sighing. | DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS
35
dyspnea
difficulty breathing
36
orthopnea
ability to breath only upright
37
pulse oximeter
can detect hypoxemia before it happens
38
normal and abnormal O2sat
95-100% is normal 91-,85% is mild to sever hypoxia any thing less then 70% are unreliable
39
several factors can affect oxygen saturation readings.
1. hemoglobin 2. circulation 3. activity- 4. Carbon monoxide poisoning
40
infants can have --% AND neonates can have ---%
95% and 80%
41
Normal breath sounds
1. vesicular- base of lungs 2. bronchovesicular- scapulae and lateral to sternum and at he first and secind intercostal space. 3. bronchial- anteriorly over the trachea
42
crackles
air passing through mositure
43
wheeze
air passing through narrowing or obstruction
44
stridor
partial obstruction of larynx or trachea
45
infants chest ratio is
1:1
46
lung complinace
strechability of lung tissue | at ventilation
47
atelectasis
collapse of portion of the lung
48
cardiac output
the amount of blood pumped by the ventricles in 1 in is 5L
49
hematocrit
the propartion of erythrocytes to plasma
50
cystic fibrosis
congential disorer that affects the lungs causing them to become congested with mucus
51
hypoxia VS hypoxemia
reduced levels of O2 levels in the blood. VS insuff O2 anywhere in the body
52
semi fowlers of high
allows for maximum chest expansion
53
meds
1. bronchodliators 2. anti-inflammatory drugs 3. leukotriene modifier 4. ....
54
incentive spirometers
measure the flow of air inhaled through a mouth piece and are used to help with improving ventilation, loosen secretions, expand collapsed alveoli
55
postural drainage
the drainage by gravity of secs. from various lung segments.

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