Respiratory Drills Flashcards
(95 cards)
1
Q
Which of the following belongs to the respiratory portion of the lower respiratory system?
A
both C and D
2
Q
The exchange of gases between blood and cells is called ____.
A
internal respiration.
3
Q
Which of the following does NOT belong to the conducting portion of the respiratory system?
A
alveolar ducts
4
Q
The internal part of the nose is connected to the pharynx through the ____.
A
internal nares
5
Q
The nasal cavity is lined with ____.
A
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
6
Q
The palatine tonsils are found in the _____.
A
oropharynx
7
Q
The structure with openings to the Eustachian tubes is the ______.
A
nasopharynx
8
Q
The nasal cavity is divided into right and left sides by the _____.
A
nasal septum
9
Q
Which of the following is called the Adam’s apple?
A
thyroid cartilage
10
Q
The structure which closes off the larynx is the _____.
A
epiglottis
11
Q
The greater the pressure of air against the vocal cords, _____.
A
the louder the sound
12
Q
The false vocal cords ______.
A
None of the above.
13
Q
Which of the following describes a correct order of structures in the respiratory passageways?
A
pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles
14
Q
The C-shaped rings that provide support for the wall of the trachea are made out of ______.
A
hyaline cartilage
15
Q
Histamine _____.
A
causes bronchiole constriction
16
Q
Epinephrine _____.
A
causes bronchiole dilation
17
Q
The pain of pleurisy is caused by _____.
A
friction between the swollen membranes
18
Q
Which of the following is NOT a structure associated with the lungs?
A
endocardium
19
Q
The exchange of gases occurs in the ________.
A
alveoli
20
Q
Surfactant is produced by ______.
A
Surfactant-secreting cells
21
Q
Which of the following divides into alveolar ducts?
A
respiratory bronchioles
22
Q
For air to enter the lungs during inspiration ______.
A
the pressure inside the lungs must become lower than the atmospheric pressure
23
Q
The lungs contain about _______ alveoli.
A
300 million
24
Q
The volume of air that can be exhaled after normal exhalation is the ________.
A
expiratory reserve volume
25
The volume of air in a normal breath is called _______.
tidal volume
26
The total lung capacity equals ________.
TV + IRV + ERV + RV
27
Gas exchange in the lungs happens by the process of ________.
diffusion
28
All of the following decrease the efficiency of external respiration EXCEPT _______.
increased alveolar PO2
29
Most oxygen in the blood is transported _______.
as oxyhemoglobin
30
Nerve impulses travel from the active inspiratory area to the diaphragm via the _______.
phrenic nerve
31
Approximately how much CO2 in the blood is carried as bicarbonate?
close to 60%
32
When stretch receptors in the lungs are activated _______.
All of the above
33
The primary chemical stimulus for breathing is the concentration of _________.
H+ and carbon dioxide concentration of blood
34
The basic rhythm of respiration is controlled by the ________.
medulla oblongata
35
Painful or labored breathing is referred to as ________.
dyspnea
36
A disorder characterized by the destruction of the alveolar walls is _______.
emphysema
37
Respiration rates are controlled mainly by the:
medulla oblongata & pons and the amount of CO2 in the blood
38
The vocal cords are located in the:
larynx
39
Cartilaginous rings:
all of the above are true
40
Breathing is controlled by the respiratory center(s) located in the:
medulla oblongata and pons
41
The flap of cartilage that closes off the larynx and prevents food and water from entering the larynx during swallowing is the:
epiglottis
42
Which of the following is not a function of the respiratory system?
transport of nutrients to tissue
43
Which of the following communicates with the laryngopharynx?
all of the above
44
Which of the following affect the release of oxygen from hemoglobin?
all of the above affect the release of oxygen
45
Carbon monoxide:
both B & C
46
Smoking can cause:
all of the above
47
Changes in the respiratory system during exercise include all but which of the following:
less carbon dioxide is produced
48
The vital capacity can decrease by as much as ___ by the age 70.
50%
49
True or False: The first step of respiration is external respiration.
FALSE. The first step of respiration is pulmonary ventilation.
50
True or False: The nostrils are also called external nares.
TRUE.
51
True or False: The middle portion of the pharynx is the nasopharynx.
FALSE. The middle portion of the pharynx is the oropharynx, not the nasopharynx.
52
True or False: The mucous membrane of the larynx forms two pairs of folds.
TRUE.
53
True or False: The trachea is located lateral to the esophagus.
FALSE. The trachea is located anterior to the esophagus, not lateral.
54
True or False: Tertiary bronchi divide into terminal bronchioles.
FALSE. Tertiary bronchi divide into smaller bronchioles, not terminal bronchioles.
55
True or False: The narrow top portion of the lung is called the apex.
TRUE.
56
True or False: The right lung is divided into three lobes.
TRUE.
57
True or False: In order for respiration to occur, the volume of the lung needs to be increased.
TRUE.
58
True or False: The nasal cavity is divided into top, middle and bottom portions by nasal conchae and into a right and left side by the nasal septum. The purpose is to circulate air to warm, cleanse, examine and moisten it.
TRUE.
59
True or False: The pressure inside the lungs is the alveolar pressure.
TRUE.
60
True or False: The record of pulmonary volumes and capacities is called a spirogram.
TRUE.
61
True or False: In clinical practice the word ventilation means inspiration only.
FALSE. Ventilation refers to both inspiration and expiration, not just inspiration.
62
True or False: The total pressure of a gas mixture is calculated by multiplying the partial pressures.
FALSE. The total pressure of a gas mixture is calculated by adding the partial pressures, not multiplying.
63
True or False: The transport of respiratory gases between the lungs and body tissues is a function of the blood.
TRUE.
64
True or False: During inspiration the diaphragm contracts and drops which increases the thoracic cavity’s size and decreases its pressure. Expiration is the reverse, volume decreases and pressure increases forcing air out.
TRUE.
65
True or False: If alveolar PCO2 is low, CO2 will diffuse from the capillary blood into the alveoli.
FALSE. If alveolar PCO2 is low, CO2 will diffuse from the alveoli into the capillary blood, not the other way around.
66
True or False: The right lung is smaller than the left lung because of the position of the heart.
FALSE. The right lung is larger than the left lung, not smaller, because of the position of the heart.
67
True or False: Parietal pleural membrane lines the thoracic cavity while the visceral pleural membrane covers the lung.
TRUE.
68
True or False: Cigarette smoke is the single most preventable cause of death and disability worldwide.
TRUE.
69
True or False: Rhinitis is actually a nose job.
FALSE. Rhinitis is inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes.
70
True or False: While laryngitis is common among all people, cancer of the larynx is found almost exclusively with those who smoke.
TRUE.
71
True or False: Shallow breathing is called diaphragmatic breathing while deep breathing involves the ribs and so is called costal breathing.
FALSE. Shallow breathing is costal breathing (using the ribs), while diaphragmatic breathing (deep breathing) involves the diaphragm.
72
True or False: Hypocania caused from voluntary hyperventilation can be dangerous, especially to swimmers, because the oxygen level may drop dangerously low and cause fainting.
TRUE.
73
The lowest portion of the pharynx is the _____.
laryngopharynx
74
The branches of the trachea to the bronchi and bronchioles is referred to as the _____.
bronchial tree
75
The membrane that encloses and protects the lungs is the _____.
pleura
76
Terminal bronchioles subdivide into microscopic branches called _____.
respiratory bronchioles
77
The maneuver used to expel an aspirated object is called the _____ maneuver.
Heimlich
78
The respiratory gases move across the _____ membrane.
alveolar
79
The visual examination of bronchi through a bronchoscope is called _______.
bronchoscopy
80
When the diaphragm contracts it _____.
descends
81
The term applied to normal quiet breathing is _____.
eupnea
82
The phospholipids produced by the alveolar cells are called _____.
surfactant
83
The total volume of air taken in during one minute is called the _____.
minute volume/minute ventilation
84
The air that remains in the lungs after the expiratory reserve volume is expelled, is the _____.
residual volume
85
The sum of residual volume plus expiratory reserve volume is the _____.
functional residual capacity
86
The _____ area controls the basic rhythm of respiration.
medullary
87
The protective mechanism that prevents overinflation of the lungs is called _____.
Hering-Breuer reflex
87
A slow rate and depth of respiration is called _____.
bradypnea
87
The passive process by which air flows into and out of the lungs is called ______.
pulmonary ventilation
88
The temporary cessation of breathing is known as _____.
apnea
89
The structure that prevents food from entering the respiratory passages is the _____.
epiglottis
90
The chemosensitive area is located in the _____.
medulla oblongata
91
Carbon dioxide can be carried by hemoglobin as _____.
carbaminohemoglobin
92
The immediate increase in ventilation at the onset of exercise is a result of the stimulation of _______.
proprioceptors
93
A chronic or acute inflammation of the mucous membranes in the nose is called ______.
rhinitis
