respiratory drugs Flashcards
(39 cards)
Name the 5 classes of respiratory drugs
- Respiratory stimulants/ analeptics
- Antitussives
- Expectorants
- Bronchodilators
- Drugs used in pulmonary edema
Name the classifications of respiratory stimulants
- Direct acting
- Reflexly acting
- Mixed acting
Name a direct acting respiratory stimulant
- Aethimizolum
Name a reflexly-acting respiratory stimulant
- Lobeline
Name the 2 mixed-acting respiratory stimulants
- Nikethamide/ Cordiamine
- Carbon dioxide/ Carbogen
Name the effects of Aethimizolum
- ↑ frequency/depth of respiration
- dilates bronchi
- ↑ surfactant synthesis
- ↑ production of glucocorticoids
- anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and immunomodulative action
- ↑ tone of cardiac and skeletal muscles.
- It is used in overdose of general anesthetics, asphyxia, bronchial asthma, and asphyxia of newbons.
Name the effects of Sulfocamphocainum
procaïne derivative
- ↑ respiratory and vasomotor centers
- is used in cases of (poisoning with):
>narcotic drugs
>carbon oxide
> asphyxia
> cardiac insufficiency.
Name the effects of respiratory stimulants
- ↑ respiratory center
- ↑ lung ventilation
- ↑ gas metabolism
- ↑ oxygen content
- ↓ carbon dioxide level.
- ↑ excretion of metabolites with perspirated air
- ↑ oxidative processes
- normalize acid-based equilibrium.
- may increase vaso motor centre
Name the effects of Carbogen
-↑ respiratory center
- is used in cases of (poisoning with):
>narcotic drugs
>carbon oxide
>during or after inhalation general anesthesia
>asphyxia
different conditions with insufficiency of the respiratory system.
Name the 4 respiratory stimulants
- Aethimizol
- Sulfocamphocaine
- Cordiamine
- Carbogen
Name the effects of Cordiamine
-↑ respiratory center
-↑ lung ventilation
-↑ gas metabolism
-↑ oxygen content
-↓ carbon dioxide level
Short lasting, 5 to 10 minutes
What are antitussive drugs?
Antitussives are drugs suppressing cough which are used in the case of dry cough
Name the classifications of antitussives and name the drugs
A). Drugs of central action
- Opioids
- Codeine phosphate - Non-opioid drugs
- Glaucine hydrochloride
- Oxeladin
B). Drugs of peripheral action
- Prenoxdiazin hydrochloride (Libexin)
- Butamirate.
Name the effects of Prenoxdiazin hydrochloride
- broncholytic
- local anesthetic effect
- is administered orally
- used for dry cough
- may produce the sensation of local anesthesia in the oral cavity.
Name the effects of Glaucine hydrochloride
is an alkaloid
- ↓ inhibits medulla center of cough without tolerance and drug dependence
- is taken by mouth to treat diseases of the lungs and bronchi accompanied by dry cough
- may cause hypotension.
Name the effects of Butamirate
- ↓ inhibits medulla center of cough without tolerance and drug dependence
- bronchodilator
- anti inflammatory
- is taken orally for rapid absorption
What are expectorants?
drugs which transform non-productive cough into productive one.
What are expectorants?
drugs which transform non-productive cough into a productive one.
What are the classifications of expectorants and their drugs?
A). Bronchosecretor drugs
- Reflexly acting
- Thermopsis infusion
- Althea root decoction
- Althaea extract
B). Mucolytics
- Synthetic
- Acetylcysteine
- Ambroxol
- Bromhexine - Enzymes
- Trypsin
What are the indications of acetylcysteine
- Diseases of the bronchi and lungs accompanied by the formation of dense and serous-purulent sputum
- Acute and chronic bronchitis
- Tracheitis due to bacterial infection
- Pneumonia
- Bronchoectasis
- Bronchial asthma
- Synusitis
- Mucoviscedosis
- The evacuation of viscous secretion from airways after surgeries or trauma
- Overdose of paracetamol.
What are the contra indications of acetylcysteine
- Ulcer of stomach
- Lungs bleeding
- Hypersensitivity to preparation
- Age till 5.
What are the side effects of acetylcysteine
- Dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis
- Allergy (skin rash, itch, urticaria, rarely a spasm of bronchi)
- Nasal bleeding, hypotension, palpitation
- The retention of sputum if it is used together with antitussives.
Main effect of Ambroxol
It stimulates production of surfactant in the lungs and activates the transport function of ciliated cells.
Indications of Ambroxol
- Acute and chronic diseases of airways accompanied by the formation of dense sputum and non-productive cough
- Pneumonia
- Bronchial asthma
- Bronchoectasis
- Respiratory distress-syndrome in newborns.
