Respiratory Pahrmacology

Question 1

Albuterol (proventil)

Answer 1

Short acting beta 2 agonist that works by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle production broncodilation

Question 2

Indication for albuterol (proventil)

Answer 2

Asthma attacks and bronchospasm

Question 3

Does albuterol effect b2 of heart

Answer 3

Not if dose is smal

Question 4

MOA albuterol (proventil)

Answer 4

Activates b2 receptor in lungs causing relaxation fo bronchial smooth muscle and subsequent bronchodilator

Question 5

How administer albuterol

Answer 5

Inhaled or nebulizer

Question 6

Side effects albuterol

Answer 6

Angina, tachycardia, tremor

Question 7

Angina and albuterol

Answer 7

Inadequate oxygen to the heart

Question 8

Tachycardia albuterol

Answer 8

Can activate b1

Question 9

Tremor albuterol

Answer 9

Yup

Question 10

Terbutaline (breathine)

Answer 10

B2 agonist administered for short term control of asthma and tocolytic to suppress preterm labor

Question 11

Side effects terbutaline (breathing)

Answer 11

Tremors, tachycardia, hypotension, pulmonary edema, hyperglycemia

Question 12

MOA terbutaline

Answer 12

B2 agonist
Increase bronchodilation and reduce resistance of the airway in asthmatics
Also relax SM of uterus and delaying onset of labor

Question 13

Indications terbutaline

Answer 13

Asthma

Tocolytic -delays preterm labor by relaxing AM of uterus and stopping contraction

Question 14

Tachycardia and terbutaline

Answer 14

Can stimulate b1 at high doses -increase heart rate, angina, palpitations, cardiac ischemia
Chest pain, nervousness, somnolence, flushing

Question 15

Tremor terbutaline

Answer 15

Overstimulation b2 b1 at high dose

Question 16

Hypotension terbutaline

Answer 16

High dose b1 hr increase causing decrease in bp and fluid volumes shift compartments, changes in electrolytes can occur resulting in hypothalamic

Question 17

Pulmonary edema terbutaline

Answer 17

Stimulate b1 could possibly increase the leaking of fluid from capillaries thus promoting the development of pulmonary edema

Question 18

Hyperglycemia terbutaline

Answer 18

Overactivation of b2

Careful in diabetics

Question 19

Theophylline

Answer 19

Methylxanthine medication used to treat asthma (and sometimes COPD). Metabolized by p450 and works by inhibiting phosphodiesterase, leading to increased cAMP, which causes bronchodilation.

Question 20

MOA theophylline

Answer 20

Inhibits phosphodiesterase (which breaks down cAMP to AMP) increased cAMP lead to bronchodilation
Also inhibits TNFa , leukotrienes, and inhalation
Increases cAMP

Question 21

Indications for theophylline

Answer 21

Asthma also COPD and infant apnea

Question 22

Side effects theophylline

Answer 22

Cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, blocks adenosine action (blocks A1, 2, 3 adenosine receptors in the heart. May cause arrhythmias to occur in patients who were taking adenosine previously)

Question 23

Chromodynamics (mast cell stabilizers)

Answer 23

Chromodynamics sodium (intel) or cromoglicic acid is a medication prevents the release of inflammatory agents like histamine from entering the tissue.

Question 24

MOA cromolyn

Answer 24

Stabilizes mast cels, which break down as part of inflammatory reaction to release histamine (vasodilator) prevent mast cells from breaking down and releasing contents

Question 25

Indication cromolyn

Answer 25

Asthma prophylaxis Bronchial inflammation Allergic rhinitis

Question 26

Side effects cromolyn

Answer 26

Cough (increases the viscosity of mucus secretions), bronchospasm

Question 27

How is cromolyn given

Answer 27

Fixed schedule

Question 28

Montelukast (singular)

Answer 28

Leukotrienes modifier that works by blocking the action of leukotrienes receptors int he lungs and bronchial tubes, reducing inflammation and bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma

Question 29

Indication for montelukast

Answer 29

Allergic rhinitis, exercise induced bronchospasm prention or maintence therapy of asthma

Question 30

Why shouldn’t montelukast be used to treat asthma attacks

Answer 30

Not fast acting

Question 31

Side effects of montelukast

Answer 31

Fatigue, headache, suicidal thoughts, changes in mood, increased risk of developing churg-Strauss syndrome (eosinophilia granulomatosis with polyangitis)

Question 32

MOA montelukast

Answer 32

Leukotrienes are inflammatory mediators, responsible for producing bronchoconstriction, inflammation, and airway edema in patients with asthma. Montelukast blocks the action of leukotriene receptors in the lungs and bronchial tubes, thereby reducing inflammation and bronchoconstriction

Question 33

Indications for montelukast

Answer 33

Allergic rhinitis, asthma prophylaxis, exercise induced bronchospasm

Question 34

Allergic rhinitis and singular

Answer 34

For patients who do not respond to intranasal glucocorticoid or antihistamine therapy, due to rare but serious side effects that can occur

Question 35

Side effects montelukast (Singulair)

Answer 35

Fatigue, headache, mood changes, suicidal thoughts

Question 36

Montelukast (singulair) and churg-Strauss

Answer 36

- an eosinophilia granulomatosis with polyangitis - life threatening autoimmune disorder that causes inflammation of the blood vessels. Can lead to tissue death and destruction of the lungs

Question 37

What is a common sign of churg Strauss

Answer 37

Asthma