Respiratory Pharma

Question 1

MOA of salbutamol

Answer 1

stimulates adenylyl cyclase

Question 2

MOA of theophylline

Answer 2

blocks adenosine

Question 3

MOA of ipratropium

Answer 3

antimuscarinic

Question 4

MOA of montelukast

Answer 4

blocks LTD4 receptor

Question 5

MOA of cromoglycate

Answer 5

mast cell stabilizer

Question 6

anti asthma drug best for quick relief of airway obstruction in acute asthma exacerbations with the greatest margin of safety… epinephrine, salbutamol, theophylline, or ipratropium

Answer 6

salbutamol

Question 7

why is SABA and LABA not suitable as monotherapy drugs for asthma

Answer 7

because b2 agonists lang sila.. they do not have anti-inflammatory properties

Question 8

the FDC SABA + ipratropium exhibits this type of drug interation

Answer 8

addition

Question 9

bronchodilator of choice for patients with COPD and patients with poorly controlled asthma on high dose ICS-LABA

Answer 9

Tiotropium

Question 10

which anti asthma drug possesses both bronchodilator and anti inflammatory properties… formoterol, montelukast, theophylline, or ipratropium

Answer 10

theophylline

Question 11

administration of which of the following substance can enhance clearacne of theophylline: nicotine, grapefruit juice, macrolifes, or cimetidine

Answer 11

nicotine (smoke)

Question 12

this add-on tyherapy to ICS LABA can be given to patients with “one airway disease”

Answer 12

montelukast. one airway disease pertains to patients with both AR and bronchial asthma

Question 13

best anti asthma drug to reduce bronchial hyperreactivity of persistent asthma

Answer 13

ICS

Question 14

the general safety of inhaled corticosteroid is due to what pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic property?

Answer 14

systemically absorbed ICS undergo 1st pass effect in the liver

Question 15

FDC LABA + ICS exhibits this type of drug interaction

Answer 15

synergism. LABA enhances ICS deposition in the airway, ICS prevents dowregulation of B2 receptors

Question 16

the ff steroid preparation is a pro drug. it’s C-11 ketone needs to be hydroxylated in the liver before it becomes active…. prednisone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone, or dexamethasone

Answer 16

prednisone

Question 17

the renal excretion of the ff electrolytes are enhanced by corticosteroid except…. sodium , potassium, hydrogen, or calcium…

Answer 17

sodium (Na). may sodium retaning property kasi ang corticosteroids kaya nga nagkaka mineralocorticoid chorla effect siya chenes

Question 18

effect of corticosteroid on neutrophils

Answer 18

it will increase the number of neutrophils (via demargination of neutrophils from the blood vessel wall )

Question 19

the most potent mineralocorticosteroid recommended in the treatment of salt losing adrenogenital syndrome

Answer 19

fludrocortisone

Question 20

in adopting “Every other day” steroid therapy for persistent severe asthma, which of the following is most suitable for long term use……. hydrocortisone, prednisone, dexamethasone , or fludrocortisone

Answer 20

prednisone

Question 21

in the long term treatment with prednisone, it is best to give it at this time of day to minimize adverse effects…. 6-8am, 12 noon, 3pm, or 6-8pm

Answer 21

6-8am

Question 22

anti asthma drug that is both a bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory

Answer 22

methylxanthines (aminophylline, theophylline)

Question 23

anti-asthma drugs that are bronchodilators

Answer 23

catecholamines, b2 agonist, anticholinergics, methylxanthines

Question 24

anti-asthma drugs that are anti-inflammatory

Answer 24

corticosteroids, leukotriene antagonists, mast cell stabilizer, methylxanthine, anti-igE

Question 25

anti asthma: example of SABA

Answer 25

Salbutamol, terbutaline

Question 26

anti asthma: example of LABA

Answer 26

salmeterol, formoterol

Question 27

anti asthma: example of anticholinergics

Answer 27

ipratropium, tiotropium

Question 28

anti asthma: example of methylxanthine

Answer 28

theophylline, aminophylline

Question 29

anti asthma: example of systemic corticosteroids

Answer 29

hydrocortisone, prednisone, methylprednisone

Question 30

anti asthma: example of inhaled corticosteroids

Answer 30

beclomethasone, budesonide, fluticasone

Question 31

anti asthma: example of leukotriene antagonists

Answer 31

montelukast

Question 32

anti asthma: example of mast cell stabilizer

Answer 32

sodium cromoglycate, cromolyn, nedocromil

Question 33

anti asthma: example of anti-IgE

Answer 33

Omalizumab

Question 34

only LABA that can be used as a reliever medication

Answer 34

Formoterol

Question 35

drug to give in cases of severe asthma not responding to inhalational agents

Answer 35

epinephrine

Question 36

what anticholinergic agent for asthma is M3 selective

Answer 36

tiotropium

Question 37

in using this anti asthma drug, careful monitoring should be done because of its narrow therapeutic index (therapeutic range of 5-15ug/ml)

Answer 37

Methylxanthines (theophylline, aminophylline)

Question 38

this anti asthma drug is also indicated for apnea of prematurity

Answer 38

theophylline

Question 39

herbal medicine endorsed by DOH that is effective against asthma. it has Chrysophenol D which posses anti histamine and muscle relaxant properties. It also prevents LT production

Answer 39

lagundi (Vitex negundo)

Question 40

this antiasthma drug can cause oral candidiasis and throat irritation

Answer 40

inhaled corticosteroids

Question 41

anti asthma drug that can be used as controller/maintenance on all levels of persistent asthma

Answer 41

ICS

Question 42

2nd best controller drug for asthma (next to inhaled CS)

Answer 42

montelukast

Question 43

this anti asthma drugs inhibits 5 lipooxygenase of the arachidonic pathway

Answer 43

Montelukast (leukotriene antagonist)

Question 44

this anti asthma drug is best for those with aspirin / NSAID induced asthma

Answer 44

Montelukast (bc it inhibits lipooxygenase ... part siya ng arachidonic shit pathway)

Question 45

this anti asthma drug is an H1 receptor antagonist and membrane stabilizer inhibiting cellular degranulation and histamine release

Answer 45

Ketotifen

Question 46

corticosteroids that are short acting vs long acting vs intermediate acting

Answer 46

short acting: cortisol, cortisone... long acting: beta/dexamethasone intermediate: the rest **fludrocortisone - no classification

Question 47

"equivalent dose" of cortisol and cortisone vs prednisone and prednisolone

Answer 47

cortisol and cortisone = 20 prednisone and prednisolone = 5

Question 48

"equivalent dose" of prednisolone vs methylprednisolone and triamcinolone

Answer 48

``` prednisolone = 5 methlypred = 4 triamcinolone = 4 ```

Question 49

"equivalent dose" beta and dexamethasone

Answer 49

0.75

Question 50

true or false,... high dose of CS tx of <1-2 weeks is unlikely to cause HPA axis suppression.

Answer 50

True

Question 51

in chronic steroid therapy, these steroids should be used

Answer 51

short or intermediate acting steroids lang dapat. Short acting (cortisol and cortisone).. intermediate acting (prenisone, prednisolone, methylpred)