Respiratory Review Flashcards by Maya Cortez

Q

Atelectasis

A

Complete or partial lung collapse

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Q

Pneumothorax

A

Air in the pleural cavity

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Q

Hemothorax

A

Blood in pleural cavity

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Q

Examples of issues that can result in atelectasis

A

Injury (gunshot, stabbing), bleeding wound, spontaneous

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Q

What is a barrel chest?

A

Chest wall recoils outward- happens when the pleural cavity is broken or when the lungs are overcompliant

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Q

What is negative pressure

A

PULLS air in, there is a change in Palv

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Q

What is positive pressure

A

PUSHES air in, change in Patm

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Q

Negative or Positive Pressure?

Normal ventilation in humans

A

Negative

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Q

Negative or Positive Pressure?

CPR

A

Positive

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Q

Negative or Positive Pressure?

Normal ventilation in frogs

A

Positive

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Q

Negative or Positive Pressure?

Rebreathing (into bags)

A

Positive

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Q

Negative or Positive Pressure?

Iron Lung

A

Negative

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Q

Negative or Positive Pressure?

Mechanical ventilator

A

Positive

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Q

Hyperpnea

A

An increase in ventilation to meet an increase in metabolic demands (Eg: exercise)

Increase in rate and depth

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Q

Hypoventilation

A

Ventilation is not sufficient for metabolic demands

Produces more CO2 than releasing (respiratory acidosis)

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Q

Hyperventilation

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A

Ventilation is excessive for metabolic demands

Produces less CO2 than releasing

Q

Tachypnea

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A

Rapid, shallow breathing

Majority of air moving in dead space, CO2 is still trapped

Q

Apnea

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A

Temporary cessation of breathing

Q

Dyspnea

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A

Air hunger, labored breathing (shortness of breath)
Causes: Asthma, heart failure, pneumonia, anxiety

Q

Hypoxia

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A

Decreased O2 content in tissues

Q

Hypoxemia

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A

Decreased O2 in blood

Q

Hypercapnia

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A

Excess CO2 in blood

Q

Hypocapnia

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A

Deficiency of CO2 in blood