respiratory system Flashcards
(41 cards)
what is the function of cilia
transports trapped dust and germs to the through where it can be swallowed and destroyed in the stomach
the trachea is kept open by ____
c-shaped cartilage rings
the bronchi are kept open by____
o-shaped cartilage rings
what is a cluster of alveoli known as
infundibulum
what is respiration
is the chemical process where oxygen and glucose are used by mitochondrion to produce co2 and water and release the energy from food
what happens during inhalation
external intercostal muscles raise the ribs and sternum. the muscle fibers in the diaphragm contact pulling it down
this increases the thorax volume and the air pressure falls below atmospheric pressure, therefore air moves from the atmosphere to the lungs
what happens during quiet exhalation
the diaphragm is billed back by elastic recoil of the lungs
what happens during forced exhalation
abdominal wall muscles contact forcing abdominal organs to push up the diaphragm
the air pressure in the thorax rises above atmospheric pressure and therefore air moves from the lungs to the atmosphere
what is the main cause of emphysema
smoking
what happens to a person who has emphysema
heavy smoking causes the folds between alveoli to break down so the surface area is reduced and less oxygen can be absorbed
what are the symptoms and treatments for emphysema
shortness of break and bronchodilation medication
what is the main cause for lung cancer
smoking
what are the symptoms and treatments for lung cancer
a persistent cough and chemotherapy
what is the main cause for asthma
an allergic reaction
what are the symptoms and treatments of asthma
shortness of breath and you must know your triggers
what is the cause of chronic bronchitis
smoking or inhaling irritating fumes
what are the symptoms and treatments of bronchitis
a cough that persists for most days of the month for at least 3 months and at least 2 years in a row
no cure- bronchodilator inhalers
what is the cause for pneumonia
by bacteria or virus
what are the symptoms and treatments of pneumonia
high fever and cough suppressants
what is the cause for tb
is passed from person to person via droplets containing the bacteria
what are the symptoms and treatments for tb
loss of weight and long term special medication
what is the function of the eustachian tube
it equalizes air pressure in both ear drums
what is the function of the uvula
prevents food from entering the nasal passages when you swallow
what is the function of the buccal cavity
is the passage for food and air to pass through
