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Medical Assistant: Body Systems 1 > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

(219 cards)

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1
Q

Organs of the respiratory system

A 
nose
Pharynx (throat)
Larynx (voice box)
Trachea (windpipe)
Bronchus (bronchi)
Lungs
Diaphragm
Mediastinum
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2
Q

Function of the respiratory system

A

respiration or to breath and exchange of O2 and CO2

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3
Q

How respiration works

A

inhale O2, that is then taken into the lungs
O2 passes from lungs into capillaries then blood
CO2 passes from blood into lungs

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4
Q

NOSE

A
  1. warms the air that enters
  2. lined with mucous membrane and fine hairs to filter particles
  3. divided into 2 parts: nasal and septum
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5
Q

Pharynx

A
  1. moves food, and air into correct passages
  2. AIR: Air - nose/mouth - pharynx - larynx - trachea - bronchi - lungs
  3. FOOD: Food - mouth - pharynx - esophagus - stomach
  4. Mastication : chewing aspiration: food goes into lungs
  5. Pharynx: Adenoids which are lymphoid tissue behind nasal cavity; and tonsils which are lymphoid tissue located behind the mouth
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6
Q

Lungs

A
  1. Thoracic cavity covered in pleura (membranous lining)
  2. lungs separated by space called mediastinum ( consists of heart, esophagus, trachea, etc.) below the lungs is the diaphragm
  3. lungs divided into lobes, left lung: 2 lobes right lung: 3 lobes
  4. AIR: nose/mouth - Pharynx - Larynx - Trachea - Bronchi - Bronchioles - Alveoli
  5. Alveoli exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
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7
Q

-algia

A

pain

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8
Q

-ar -ary -eal

A

pertaining to

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9
Q

-cele

A

hernia or protrusion (suffix)

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10
Q

a- an-

A

without or absence of (prefix)

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11
Q

endo-

A

within (prefix)

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12
Q

eu-

A

normal, good ( prefix)

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13
Q

-centesis

A

surgical puncture to aspirate fluid ( suffix)

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14
Q

-ectasis

A

stretching out, dilation, expansion ( suffix)

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15
Q

-emia

A

blood condition (suffix)

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16
Q

-gram

A

record X-ray film (suffixes)

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17
Q

-graphy

A

process of recording, X-ray filming ( suffix)

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18
Q

-meter

A

instrument use to measure (suffix)

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19
Q

-metry

A

measurement (suffix)

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20
Q

-oxia

A

oxygen (suffix)

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21
Q

pani-

A

all total (prefix)

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22
Q

-pexy

A

surgical fixation, suspension (suffix)

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23
Q

-phonia

A

sound or voice (suffix)

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24
Q

-pnea

A

breathing (suffix)

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25
poly-
many, much (prefix)
26
-rrhagia
rapid flow of blood (suffix)
27
-scope
instrument used for visual examination (suffix)
28
-scopic
pertaining to visual examination (suffix)
29
-scopy
visual examination (suffix)
30
-spasm
sudden involuntary muscle contraction (suffix)
31
-stenosis
constriction or narrowing (suffix)
32
-stomy
creation of an artificial opening (suffix)
33
tachy-f
fast rapid (prefix)
34
-thorax
chest (suffix)
35
-tomy
cut into or incision (suffix)
36
adenoid/o
adenoids ( combining form)
37
alveol/o
alveolus
38
atel/o
imperfect, incomplete
39
bronch/i bronch/o
bronchus ( combining form)
40
capn/o
carbon dioxide (combining form)
41
diaphragmat/o
diaphragm
42
epiglott/o
epiglottis
43
hem/o hemat/o
blood
44
laryng/o
larynx
45
lob/o
lobe
46
muc/o
mucus Tip: mucus - is the slimy material mucous - pertaining to the slimy material
47
nas/o rhin/o
nose (combining form)
48
orth/o
straight
49
ox/o ox/i
oxygen (combining form)
50
pharyng/o
pharynx
51
phon/o
sound voice
52
pleur/o
pleura
53
pneum/o pneumat/o pneumon/o
lung air (combing form)
54
pulmon/o
lung
55
py/o
pus
56
sept/o
septum (combining form)
57
sinus/o
sinus (combining form)
58
spir/o
breathe breathing (combining form)
59
thorac/o
thorax or chest (combining form)
60
tonsill/o
tonsil (combining form)
61
trache/o
trachea (combining form)
62
adenoiditis adenoid/itis
inflammation of the adenoids
63
atelectasis atel/ectasis
incomplete expansion of a lung
64
bronchiectasis bronchi/ectasis
dilation of the bronchi
65
bronchitis bronch/itis
inflammation of the bronchi
66
bronchogenic carcinoma bronch/o/genic carcinoma
cancerous tumour originating in the bronchus
67
bronchopneumonia bronch/o/pneumonia
diseased state of the bronchi and lungs
68
diaphragmatocele diaphragmat/o/cele
hernia of the diaphragm
69
epiglottis epiglott/itis
inflammation of the epiglottis
70
hemothorax hem/o/thorax
blood in the chest or plural place
71
laryngotracheobronchitis laryng/o/trache/o/bronch/itis
inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi; the acute form is called croup
72
layngitis layng/itis
inflammation of the larynx
73
lobar pneumonia lob/ar/ pneumon/ia
diseased state of the lobe of a lung
74
nasopharyngitis nas/o/pharyng/itis
inflammation of the nose and pharynx
75
pansinusitis pan/sinus/itis
inflammation of all sinuses
76
pharyngitis pharyng/itis
inflammation of the pharynx
77
pleuritis pleur/itis
inflammation of the pleaura also called: pleurisy
78
pneumatocele pneumat/o/cele
hernia of the lung
79
pneumoconiosis pneumat/o/coni/osis
abnormal condition of dust in the lungs
80
pneumonitis pneumon/itis
inflammation of the lung
81
pneumothorax pneum/o/thorax
air in the chest or pleural space
82
pulmonary neoplasm pulmon/ary neo/plasm
tumour in the lung
83
pyothorax pyo/thorax
pus in the chest or pleural space also called empyema
84
rhinitis rhin/itis
inflammation of the mucous membrane in the nose
85
rhinomycosis rhin/o/myc/osis
abnormal condition of fungus in the nose
86
rhinorrhagia rhin/o/rrhagia
rapid flow of blood from the nose also called: epistaxis or bloody nose
87
thoracalgia thorac/algia
pain in the chest
88
tonsillitis tonsill/itis
inflammation of the tonsils
89
tracheitis trache/itis
inflammation of the trachea
90
tracheostenosis trache/o/stenosis
narrowing of the trachea
91
Adult respiratory distress syndrome
respiratory failure in an adult as a result of injury/ disease Ab: ARDS
92
asthma
respiratory disease characterized by coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath
93
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
combination of persistent lung diseases that obstruct bronchial airflow: asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema Ab: COPD
94
coccidioidomycosis
fungal infection affecting the lungs and sometimes other organs of the body Also called valley fever
95
cor pulmonale
serious cardiac disease associated with chronic lung disorders like emphysema
96
croup
a condition resulting from acute obstruction of the larynx in children
97
cystic fibroids
a generalized hereditary disorder of infants and children characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract Ab: CF
98
deviated septum
where one part of the nasal cavity is smaller
99
emphysema
stretching of lung tissue caused by alveoli becoming distended and losing elasticity
100
epistaxis
nosebleed also called: rhinorrhagia
101
influenza
highly infectious respiratory disease caused by a virus | also called: flu
102
legionnaire's disease
lobar pneumonia caused by the bacterium legionalla pneumophila
103
obstructive sleep apnea
repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep which leads to the absence of breathing Also called : OSA
104
pertussis
a respiratory disease characterized by an acute crowing inspiration also called: whooping cough
105
pleural effusion
escape of fluid into the pleural space as a result of inflammation
106
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
pneumonia caused by P.carinii, a fungus that's common in AIDS patients
107
pulmonary edema
fluid accumulation in the alveoli and bronchioles
108
pulmonary embolism
foreign matter, such as a blood clot, air, or fat, carried in the circulation to the pulmonary artery
109
tuberculosis
an infectious disease, caused by an acid-fast bacillus, most commonly spread by inhalation of the infected droplets TB
110
upper respiratory infection
infection of the pharynx, larynx trachea, and bronchi Ab: URI
111
adeniodectomy adenoid/ectomy
excision of the adenoids
112
adenotome aden/o/tome
surgical instruments used to cut the adenoids
113
bronchoplasty bronch/o/plastys
surgical repair of the bronchus
114
laryngectomy laryng/ectomy
excision of the larynx
115
laryngocentesis laryng/o/centesis
surgical puncture to aspirate the fluid from the larynx
116
laryngostomy laryng/o/stomy
creation of an artificial opening into the larynx
117
laryngotracheotomy laryng/o/trache/o/tomy
incision of larynx and trachea
118
lobectomy lob/ectomy
excision of a lobe in the lung
119
pleuropexy pleur/o/pexy
surgical fixation of the pleura
120
pneumobronchotomy pneum/o/bronch/o/tomy
incision of lung and bronchus
121
pneumonectomy pneumon/ectomy
excision of a lung
122
rhinoplasty rhin/o/plasty
surgical repair of the nose
123
septoplasty sept/o/plasty
surgical repair of the nasal septum
124
septotomy sept/o/tomy
incision in the nasal septum
125
sinusotomy
incision of the sinus
126
thoracocentesis thorac/o/centesis
surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the chest cavity also called: thoracentesis
127
thoracotomy thorac/o/tomy
incision into the chest cavity
128
tonsillectomy tonsill/ectomy
excision of the tonsils
129
tracheoplasty trache/o/plasty
surgical repair of the trachea
130
tracheostomy trache/o/stomy
creation of an artificial opening into the trachea
131
tracheotomy trache/o/tomy
incision of the trachea
132
bronchogram bronch/o/gram
X-ray film of the bronchi
133
bronchogrpahy bronch/o/graphy
process of X-ray filming the bronchi
134
bronchoscope bronch/o/scope
instrument used for visual examination of of a hollow organ or body cavity
135
endoscope end/o/scope
instrument used for visual examination of a hollow organ or body cavity
136
bronchoscope bronch/o/scope
instrument used for visual examination of the bronchi
137
endoscopy end/o/scopy
visual examination of a hollow organ or body cavity
138
bronchoscopy bronch/o/scopy
visual examination of the bronchi
139
laryngoscope laryng/o/scope
instrument used for visual examination of the larynx
140
laryngoscopy laryng/o/scopy
visual examination of the larynx
141
thoracoscope thorac/o/scope
instrument used for visual examination of the thorax
142
thoracoscopy thorac/o/scopy
visual examination of the thorax
143
oximeter oxi/meter (pulmonary Function Tests)
instrument used to measure the oxygen saturation in blood
144
spirometer spir/o/meter (pulmonary function test)
instrument used to measure breathing
145
spirometry spir/o/metry (pulmonary function tests)
a measurement of breathing
146
computed tomography
computerized images of the body organs in slices, horizontally Ab: CT
147
magnetic resonance (diagnostic imaging procedures)
gives information about the body's biochemistry by placing the body in a magnetic field Ab: MRI
148
nuclear medicine (diagnostic imaging procedures)
scans using radioactive material to determine functional capacity of an organ
149
radiography (diagnostic imaging procedures)
X-ray films of internal organs taken using ionizing radiation
150
ultrasound (diagnostic imaging procedures)
sonograms, echograms, using sound waves to create an image of body organs
151
acapnia a/capnia
absence, or less-than-normal level, of carbon dioxide in the blood
152
anoxia a/noxia
absence of deficiency of oxygen
153
aphonia a/phonia
absence of voice
154
apnea a/pnea
absence of breathing
155
bronchoalveolar bronch/o/alveol/ar
pertaining to the bronchi and alveoli
156
bronchospasm bronch/o/spasm
spasmodic contraction in the bronchi
157
diaphragmatic diaphragmat/ic
pertaining to the diaphragm
158
dysphonia dys/phonia
difficulty speaking
159
dyspnea dys/pnea
difficulty breathing
160
endotracheal end/o/trach/eal
pertaining to within the trachea
161
eupnea eu/pnea
normal breathing
162
hypercapnia hyper/capnia
excessive carbon dioxide in the blood
163
hyperpnea hyper/pnea
excessive breathing
164
hypocapnia hypo/capnia
deficient carbon dioxide in the blood
165
hypopnea hypo/pnea
deficient breathing
166
hypoxemia hyp/ox/emia
deficient oxygen in the blood
167
hypoxia hyp/oxia
condition of deficient oxygen
168
intrapleural inta/pleur/al
pertaining to within the pleaura
169
laryngeal laryng/eal
pertaining to larynx
170
laryngospasm laryn/o/spasm
spasmodic contraction of the larynx
171
mucoid muc/oid
resembling mucus
172
mucous muc/ous
pertaining to mucus
173
nasopharyngeal naso/pharyg/eal
pertaining to the nose and pharynx
174
orthopnea orth/o/pnea
able to breathe easier in an upright position
175
phrenalgia phren/algia
pain in the diaphragm
176
phrenospasm phren/o/spasm
spasm of the diaphragm
177
pulmonary pulmon/ary
pertaining to the lungs
178
pulmonologist pulmon/o/logist
one who studies and treats diseases of the lung
179
pulmonology pulmon/o/logy
study of the lung
180
rhinorrhea rhin/o/rrhea
discharge from the nose also called: runny nose
181
tachypnea tachy/pnea
rapid breathing
182
thoracic thorac/ic
pertaining to the chest
183
Airway
passageway by which air enters the lungs
184
asphyxia
deprivation of oxygen in the tissue
185
aspirate
to withdraw fluid or to suction
186
bronchoconstrictor
agent causing narrowing of bronchi
187
bronchodilater
agent causing the bronchi to widen
188
cough
sudden noisy expulsion of air from the lungs
189
hiccup
sudden catching of breath with a spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm
190
hyperventilation
ventilation of the lungs beyond normal body needs
191
hypoventilation
ventilation of the lungs, not fulfilling the body's need of gas exchange
192
mucopurulent
containing both mucus and pus
193
mucus
slimy fluid secreted by the mucous membranes
194
nebulizer
device that creates a fine spray for giving respiratory treatment
195
nosocomial infection
an infection acquired during hospitalization
196
paroxysm
periodic, sudden attacks
197
patent
open
198
pulmonary
pertaining to the lungs
199
sputum
mucus secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea removed through the mouth
200
ventilator
mechanical device used to help with breathing or substitute for breathing when patient cannot breathe on their own
201
ABGs
arterial blood gases
202
AFB
acid-fast bacilli
203
ARDS
adult respiratory distress syndrome
204
CF
cystic fibrosis
205
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
206
CT
computed topography
207
CXR
chest x-ray / chest radiograph
208
flu
influenza
209
LLL
left lower lobe
210
OSA
obstructive sleep apnea
211
PE
pulmonary embolism
212
PFTs
pulmonary function tests
213
polysomnography
PSF
214
RLL
right left lob
215
RML
right middle lobe
216
RUL
right upper lobe
217
TB
tuberculosis
218
URI
upper respiratory infection
219
VPS
ventilation perfusion scanning

Medical Assistant: Body Systems 1 (6 decks)

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