Respiratory System Flashcards
Two main functions of respiratory system
Pulmonary ventilation
The inspiration and expiration of air
Gaseous exchange
Movement of oxygen into the blood stream and carbon dioxide into the lungs
Inspiration
Increased volume behind lungs lower pressure. Air moves high-> low pressure
Expiration
Decreased volume more pressure air moves low to high
Mechanics of breathing in inspiration
Diaphragm and external intercostals contracts
Sternocleidomastoid contracts during exercise
Pectoral is minor contracts
Rib cage moves up and out
High volume lower pressure inc diffusion gradient
What do the diaphragms and external intercostals do in expiration
Diaphragm and intercostals relax
Rib cage moves down and in
Breathing frequency
Number of breaths per minute
Tidal volume
Volume of air expired or inspired per breath
In ml
Minute ventilation
Volume of air inspired or expired per minute
Litres per minute
Minute ventilation equation
Minute ventilation=tidal volume x breath frequency
What happens to our breathing during exercise (inspiration)
Recruit two additional muscles to allow us to increase the depth of breathing
What happens to our breathing during exercise (expiration)
We recruit two additional muscles to allow us to increase the pressure on thoracic cavity
