Respiratory System

Question 1

4 stages of respiration

Answer 1

• pulmonary ventilation
• external respiration
• respiratory gas transport
• internal respiration

Question 2

Which stages of respiration has to do with the respiratory system?

Answer 2

• first two
• pulmonary ventilation and external respiration

Question 3

Organs of the respiratory system

Answer 3

• nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses
• pharynx, larynx
• trachea, bronchi
• lungs, alveoli

Question 4

Pulmonary ventilation

Answer 4

• breathing
• inspiration and expiration

Question 5

External respiration

Answer 5

• oxygen from lungs to blood
• carbon dioxide from blood to lungs

Question 6

Respiratory gas transport

Answer 6

• oxygen from lungs to tissue cells
• carbon dioxide from tissue cells to lungs
• cardiovascular system

Question 7

Internal respiration

Answer 7

• oxygen from blood to cells
• carbon dioxide from cells to blood

Question 8

2 zones in the respiratory system

Answer 8

• respiratory zone (site of gas exchange - bronchioles and alveolar ducts)
• conducting zone (all other passageways)

Question 9

Actual site of gas exchange

Answer 9

• respiratory zone
• bronchioles and alveoli

Question 10

Organs in upper respiratory tract

Answer 10

• nose, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea

Question 11

Organs in lower respiratory tract

Answer 11

• broncial tree
• alveoli
• lungs
• pleurae

Question 12

Function of nose

Answer 12

• mucus, filter
• olfactory epithelium

Question 13

Olfactory epithelium

Answer 13

• root of nasal cavity
• sense of smell

Question 14

Structure that lightens skull

Answer 14

• paranasal sinuses

Question 15

Pharynx

Answer 15

• passageway for air and food
• connects the nasal cavity to larynx / oral cavity to esophagus
• have tonsils

Question 16

Pharyngeal tonsils

Answer 16

• lymphoid organs

Question 17

Larynx

Answer 17

• connect pharynx to trachea
• to opening of glottis
• has vocal folds

Question 18

Opening of trachea

Answer 18

• glottis, covered by epiglottis

Question 19

What prevent trachea from collapse?

Answer 19

• cartilage

Question 20

What does loudness of voice depend on?

Answer 20

• force with which air ushes against vocal folds
• more force, more vibration, more sound

Question 21

What muscle is bronchial tree made of?

Answer 21

• smooth muscle
• tree connects trachea with alveoli

Question 22

Alveoli

Answer 22

• simple squamous epithelium
• main gas exchange site

Question 23

Where are lungs located?

Answer 23

• mediastinum

Question 24

Pleurae

Answer 24

• serous membrane
• parietal pleura lines thoracic cavity
• visceral pleura lines external lung surfaces

Question 25

Lobes of the lungs

Answer 25

- left 2 lobes - right 3 lobes

Question 26

What is hilum?

Answer 26

- where vessels and nerves pass from bronchus to lungs

Question 26

What is hilum?

Answer 26

- where vessels and nerves pass from bronchus to lungs

Question 27

What is hilum?

Answer 27

- where vessels and nerves pass from bronchus to lungs

Question 28

Intrapulmonary pressure

Answer 28

- pressure in alveoli

Question 29

Intrapleural pressure

Answer 29

- pressure in pleural cavity (4mmHg less than intrapulmonary pressure)

Question 30

Inspiration

Answer 30

- pulmonary ventilation - muscles contract - diaphragm falls; ribcage rises; lungs stretch - Ppul < Patm

Question 31

Expiration

Answer 31

- pulmonary ventilation - muscles relax - diaphragm rises; ribcage falls

Question 32

carbon dioxide transport in body

Answer 32

- 10 percent dissolved in plasma - 20% bound to hemoglobin as carbaminohemoglobin - over 70% as bicarbonate ions in plasma