Respiratory System

Question 1

Tidal volume

Answer 1

Volume inspired or expired with each normal breath

Question 2

Inspiration reserve volume

Answer 2

Maximum volume that can be inspired over the inspiration of a tidal volume/normal breath

Question 3

Expiration reserve volume

Answer 3

Maximal volume that can be expired after the expiration of a tidal volume/normal breath

Question 4

Residual volume

Answer 4

Volume that remains in lungs after a maximal expertion

Question 5

Inspiratory capacity

Answer 5

Volume of maximal inspiration
IRV + TV

Question 6

Functional residual capacity

Answer 6

Volume of gas remaining in lung after normal expiration, ERV + RV

Question 7

Vital capacity

Answer 7

Volume of maximal inspiration and expiration: IRV + TV + ERV = IC + ERV

Question 8

Total lung capacity

Answer 8

volume of the lung after maximal inspiration. The sum of all four lung volumes,

Question 9

Conducting zone

Answer 9

no gas exchange takes place
-air is warmed and moistened

Question 10

Respiratory zone

Answer 10

surrounded by capillaries
- site of gas exchange
~(CO2 out O2 in)

Question 11

Alveoli

Answer 11

Site of gaseous exchange
Large surface area

Question 12

Why do we respire?

Answer 12

Cell require energy (ATP) to function
ATP is stored in limited quantities in cells
Generate ATP via metabolism which requires O2
During metabolism CO2 is produced
Breathing-required for O2 to enter blood stream to be transported to cells + expel CO2

Question 13

Boyle law

Answer 13

decreasing volume increase collisions and increases pressure

Pressure moves along a pressure gradient.

Question 14

Inspiration

Answer 14

Inspiratory muscle contraction (external intercostal muscle + diaphragm)
Increase lung volume
Decrease in intrapulmonary pressure
Change in pressure gradient inspiration
Inspiration

Question 15

Expiration

Answer 15

Inspiratory muscle relax + recoil
Decrease lung volume
Increase in intrapulmonary pressure
Change in pressure gradient
Expiration

Question 16

Partial pressure

Answer 16

fraction concentration of specific gas x total pressure of gas mixture

Question 17

Daltonslaw

Answer 17

– Gas mixtures total pressure is equal to the sum of the individual gases in the mixture

Question 18

Minute ventilation

Answer 18

Tidal volume x respiratory rate

Question 19

Partial pressure of oxygen in air

Answer 19

159

Question 20

Partial pressure of oxygen in conducting zone

Answer 20

149

Question 21

Partial pressure of oxygen in alveoli

Answer 21

104

Question 22

Partial pressure of oxygen in oxygenated blood

Answer 22

100

Question 23

Partial pressure of oxygen in venous blood

Answer 23

40

Question 24

Partial pressure of Carbon dioxide in alveoli

Answer 24

40

Question 25

Partial pressure of Carbon dioxide in oxygenated blood

Answer 25

40

Question 26

Partial pressure of Carbon dioxide in venous blood

Answer 26

46

Question 27

Barometric pressure

Answer 27

760mmhg

Question 28

Rate of diffusion depends o

Answer 28

Partial pressure between gas above the fluid and gas in the fluid Solubility coefficient of gas Surface area for gas exchange Gas more soluble = diffuse easily Larger surface area = Î rate of diffusion