Respiratory System

Question 1

What produces surfactant

Answer 1

Type 2 alveoli cells

Question 2

What is the function of the serous membrane surrounding the lung

Answer 2

Prevents friction

Question 3

What’s the function of goblet cells

Answer 3

Secretes mucus and collects foreign cells

Question 4

What is boyles law

Answer 4

To change the pressure of gas, you have to change the volume

Question 5

What happens in inspiration

Answer 5

The diaphragm and intercostals contracts upwards and outwards to increase the volume

Question 6

Does inspiration lower or increase the pressure

Answer 6

Lower

Question 7

What happens in expiration

Answer 7

Diaphragms and intercostal relax which makes the volume smaller

Question 8

In expiration does it lower or increase pressure

Answer 8

Increase

Question 9

Which direction does air travel

Answer 9

From a high pressure gradient to a low one

Question 10

What does the turbinates do

Answer 10

Warms and adds moisture to filter the air

Question 11

What does the upper airway include

Answer 11

Mouth, nose, nasal cavity, larynx, pharynx

Question 12

What is the visceral pleura in the lungs

Answer 12

It is the membrane close/attached to the organ itself

Question 13

What is the parietal pleura

Answer 13

The outer membrane that is attached to the rib cage

Question 14

In which zone does gas exchange occur

Answer 14

Respiratory zones

Question 15

What is the conducting airways lined with

Answer 15

Epithelia

Question 16

What is the function of the conducting airways

Answer 16

To move the air to areas that gas exchange

Question 17

What type of muscle underlies the lumen in the conduction airways

Answer 17

Smooth muscle

Question 18

What are the two pleurae around the lung

Answer 18

Visceral and parietal

Question 19

What is the function of the C shaped rings in the trachea

Answer 19

To resist compression of the trachea but to allow expansion

Question 20

What’s the difference between bronchi and bronchioles

Answer 20

The bronchioles are smaller than bronchi and has more smooth muscle as well as no cartilage

Question 21

Where does the visceral membrane attach to

Answer 21

The lung

Question 22

Where does the parietal membrane attach to

Answer 22

The rib

Question 23

What is the function off having multiple lobes in the lung

Answer 23

To prevent diseases in the lung spread to the whole lung. By compartmentalising the lobes, a disease will only remain in one area

Question 24

What is the purpose of adding heat and moisture to the air in the upper airways

Answer 24

To prevent the mucus drying out and destroying its natural barrier. The moisture keeps the mucus in tact

Question 25

What is mucocillary escalator

Answer 25

Where the cilia moves the gel layer towards the mouth and then detaches and moves backwards through the percillary layer

Question 26

What is the function of the mucocillary escalator

Answer 26

To move objects/air in and out of the lungs

Question 27

Define lung compliance

Answer 27

The change in lung volume at a given pressure (How easy it is to alter the size of airspace in the lungs)