Respiratory System Flashcards
Name some expectorants
Secretion enhancers: vasaka, tolu balsam, potassium citrate
Mucolytics: bromhexine, amboxol
Antitussives/cough Centre suppressants
Opioids: codeine
Non opioids: noscapine, dextromethorphan
Antihistamines: chlorpheniramine, promethazine
How many classes of drugs for bronchial asthma
5
Which are the classes of drugs for asthma
Bronchodilators: B2 sympathomimetics, Anticholinergics, methyl xanthine
Mast cell stabilizers
Leukotrien antagonist
Anti IGE antibody
Corticosteroids: inhalational and systemic
Examples of bronchodilators
B2 sympathomimetics: salbutamol, salmeterol, formoterol
Methyl xanthine: Theophylline, aminophylline
Anticholinergics: ipratropium br, thiotropium br
Examples of mast cell stabilizers
Ketotifin
Sodium cromoglycate
Examples of leukotrien antagonist
Montelukast
Zafirlukast
Examples of anti Ige antibody
Omalizumab
Examples of corticosteroids
Systemic: hydrocortisone, prednisolone
Inhalational: Budesonide, fluticasone, beclomethasone
Main side effect of salbutamol
Muscle tremors
Short acting and long acting bronchodilators
Short acting: salbutamol, ipratropium br
Long acting: salmeterol, foremterol
Withdrawal side effect of corticosteroids
Acute adrenal insufficiency
Management of status asthmaticus/ refractory asthma
Hydrocortisone 100mg iv stat followed by 100-200mg 4-8 hourly
Neb salbutamol + ipratropium bromide
High flow humidified O2 inhalation
Salbutamol 0.4mg im maybe added
Intubation and mechanical ventilation if needed
Treat chest infection with antibiotics
Correct dehydration and acidosis with saline + sodium bicarbonate
What is MDI
Metered dose inhalers are pressurized aerosols which deliver a particular dose of the drug on activation.
Advantages of MDI
cheaper and portable, but require breathing coordination.
