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Respiratory System Flashcards

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1
Q

Includes ventilation, the movement of air into and out of the lungs;

A

Respiration

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2
Q

the exchange of gases between the air and the blood
And blood and the tissues.

A

Respiration

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3
Q

FUNCTIONS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

A

• 1. REGULATION OF BLOOD Ph
• 2. VOICE PRODUCTION
• 3. OLFACTION
• 4. INNATE IMMUNITY

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4
Q

whether “pug” or “ski-jump” in shape

A

Nose

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5
Q

is the only externally visible part of the respiratory system.

A

Nose

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6
Q

During breathing, air enters the nose by passing through which part of respiratory

A

external nares or nostrils.

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7
Q

Interior of the nose consists of

A

the nasal cavity

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8
Q

This act like a divder that divides the nasal cavity

A

Nasal septum

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9
Q

openings into the pharynx

A

Choanae

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10
Q

rests on a rich network of thin-walled veins that warms the air as it flows past

A

Respiratory mucosa

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11
Q

produced by the mucosa’s glands moistens the air and traps incoming bacteria and other foreign debris.

A

• The sticky mucus

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12
Q

The part of the nasal mucosa create a gentle current that moves contaminated mucus posteriorly toward the throat (pharynx), where it is swallowed and digested by stomach juices.

A

ciliated cells

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13
Q

the lateral walls of the nasal cavity are uneven owing to three mucosa covered projections or lobes.

A

Conchae

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14
Q

increase the air turbulence in the nasal cavity

A

Conchae

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15
Q

The nasal cavity is separated from the oral cavity below by a partition,

A

palate

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16
Q

Anteriorly, where the palate is supported by bone,

A

hard palate

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17
Q

Posteriorly, unsupported by bone

A

soft palate.

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18
Q

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

A

To facilitate gas exchange, primarily oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal.

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19
Q

True or False: The diaphragm is a muscle that helps in breathing.

A

True

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20
Q

Fill in the blank: The main organs of the respiratory system are the ______.

A

lungs

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21
Q

What structure in the respiratory system is responsible for sound production?

A

Larynx

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22
Q

Which part of the respiratory system filters, warms, and moistens the air we breathe?

A

Nasal cavity

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23
Q

What is the term for the exchange of gases between the blood and body tissues?

A

Internal respiration

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24
Q

What is the role of alveoli in the respiratory system?

A

To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

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25
True or False: The trachea is also known as the windpipe.
True
26
What is the process of breathing out called?
Exhalation
27
Which respiratory structure branches off the trachea and leads to the lungs?
Bronchi
28
What is the medical term for difficulty in breathing?
Dyspnea
29
Fill in the blank: The ______ membrane surrounds the lungs.
pleural
30
What is the primary muscle involved in inhalation?
Diaphragm
31
True or False: The right lung has three lobes.
True
32
What is the term for the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing?
Tidal volume
33
Which gas is primarily responsible for the drive to breathe?
Carbon dioxide
34
What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs?
Alveoli
35
True or False: The respiratory system is responsible for regulating blood pH.
True
36
What is the function of surfactant in the lungs?
To reduce surface tension in the alveoli and prevent collapse.
37
What condition is characterized by the inflammation of the bronchial tubes?
Bronchitis
38
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the flap of tissue that covers the larynx during swallowing.
epiglottis
39
What is the main purpose of the cilia in the respiratory tract?
To trap and move particles out of the airways.
40
True or False: Asthma is a chronic condition that affects the airways.
True
41
What is the purpose of the pleural cavity?
To provide a lubricated space for the lungs to expand and contract.
42
What is the term for the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation?
Vital capacity
43
Fill in the blank: The ______ is a common respiratory infection caused by a virus.
cold
44
What is the primary role of the respiratory center in the brain?
To regulate the rate and depth of breathing.
45
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To facilitate gas exchange, primarily oxygen intake and carbon dioxide expulsion.
46
True or False: The diaphragm is a muscle that aids in breathing.
True
47
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the main airway that leads to the lungs.
trachea
48
What are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs called?
Alveoli
49
Which part of the brain regulates the respiratory rate?
Medulla oblongata
50
What is the term for the process of inhalation and exhalation?
Ventilation
51
Multiple Choice: Which structure is responsible for sound production?
Larynx
52
What is the function of the nasal cavity?
To filter, warm, and humidify the air we breathe.
53
True or False: The respiratory system is involved in regulating blood pH.
True
54
Fill in the blank: The _______ are tubes that branch from the trachea into the lungs.
bronchi
55
What is the primary muscle used in the process of breathing?
Diaphragm
56
What gas is primarily exchanged for oxygen in the alveoli?
Carbon dioxide
57
Multiple Choice: Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the airways?
Asthma
58
What is the name of the membrane that surrounds the lungs?
Pleura
59
True or False: Hemoglobin is responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood.
True
60
What is the average respiratory rate for a resting adult?
12 to 20 breaths per minute
61
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the site where the trachea divides into the left and right bronchi.
carina
62
What is tidal volume?
The amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing.
63
Multiple Choice: Which disease is characterized by the destruction of alveoli?
Emphysema
64
What is the primary role of surfactant in the lungs?
To reduce surface tension in the alveoli and prevent collapse.
65
True or False: The right lung has three lobes, while the left lung has two lobes.
True
66
What is the term for the exchange of gases between the blood and body cells?
Internal respiration
67
Fill in the blank: The _______ is responsible for the movement of air into and out of the lungs.
respiratory system
68
What is the function of cilia in the respiratory tract?
To trap and move particles out of the airways.
69
Multiple Choice: Which respiratory condition is often caused by smoking?
Chronic bronchitis
70
What is the role of the epiglottis?
To prevent food from entering the trachea during swallowing.
71
True or False: Oxygen is transported in the blood primarily dissolved in plasma.
False
72
What is the role of the alveolar-capillary membrane?
To allow for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and blood.
73
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the part of the respiratory system that connects the throat to the trachea.
larynx
74
What is the term for the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation?
Vital capacity
75
Multiple Choice: Which component of the respiratory system is primarily involved in gas exchange?
Alveoli
76
What is hyperventilation?
Rapid or deep breathing that decreases carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
77
True or False: The left lung is smaller than the right lung to accommodate the heart.
True
78
What is the term for the process by which oxygen moves from the alveoli into the blood?
Diffusion
79
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the most superior part of the respiratory system.
nasal cavity
80
What is the primary purpose of the respiratory mucosa?
To moisten and filter the air entering the respiratory system.
81
Multiple Choice: Which gas is primarily responsible for stimulating breathing?
Carbon dioxide
82
What is the main purpose of the respiratory system's protective mechanisms?
To trap and expel foreign particles and pathogens.
83
True or False: The respiratory system is completely independent of the circulatory system.
False
84
What is the condition called when there is a loss of breath control leading to choking?
Aspiration
85
Fill in the blank: The _______ helps to warm and moisten the air before it reaches the lungs.
nasal cavity
86
What is the term for the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a forced exhalation?
Residual volume
87
Multiple Choice: Which part of the respiratory system is involved in the exchange of gases with the environment?
Lungs
88
What is the role of the bronchial tree?
To distribute air to the lungs.
89
True or False: The respiratory system only functions during inhalation.
False
90
Fill in the blank: The _______ are the smallest branches of the bronchi.
bronchioles
91
What is the function of the vocal cords?
To produce sound by vibrating as air passes through.
92
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?
Nutrient absorption

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