Respiratory System Flashcards
(223 cards)
1
Q
adenoiditis
A
inflammation of the adenoids
2
Q
alveolitis
A
inflammation of the alveolus
3
Q
atelectasis
A
incomplete expansion of the lung or portion of the lung
4
Q
bronchiectasis
A
dilation of the bronchi
5
Q
bronchitis
A
inflammation of the bronchi
6
Q
bronchogenic carcinoma
A
cancerous tumor originating in a bronchus
7
Q
bronchopneumonia
A
diseased state of the bronchi and lungs (normally caused by infection)
8
Q
diaphragmatocele (di-a-frag-MAT-o-sel)
A
Hernia of the diaphragm
9
Q
Epiglottitis
A
inflammation of the epiglottis
10
Q
hemothorax
A
blood in the chest (pleural space)
11
Q
laryngitis
A
inflammation of the larynx
12
Q
laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) la-ring-go-tra-ke-o-bron-KI-tos
A
inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi (the acute form is called croup)
13
Q
lobar pneumonia
A
pertianing to the lobes, diseased state of the lung
14
Q
nasopharyngitis
A
inflammation of the nose and pharynx
15
Q
pansinusitis
A
inflammation of the sinus
16
Q
pharyngitis
A
inflammation of the pharynx
17
Q
pleuritis
A
inflammation of the pleura
18
Q
pneumatocele
A
hernia of the lung
19
Q
pneumoconiosis
A
abnormal condition of dust in the lungs
20
Q
pneumonia
A
diseased state of the lung
21
Q
pneumonitis
A
inflammation of the lung
22
Q
pneumothorax
A
air in the chest (pleural space), which causes collapse of the lung
23
Q
pulmonary neoplasm
A
pertaining to the lung, new growth (tumor)
24
Q
pyothorax
A
pus in the chest
25
rhinitis
inflammation of the nose
26
rhinomycosis
abnormal condition of fungus in the nose
27
rhinorrhagia
rapid flow of blood from the nose
28
thoracalgia
pain in the chest
29
tonsillitis
inflammation of the tonsils
30
tracheitis
inflammation of the trachea
31
tracheostenosis
narrowing of the trachea
32
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
respiratory failure as a result of disease or injury
33
asthma
respiratory disease chracterized by paroxysms of coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath, which is caused by constriction of airways that is reversible between attacks
34
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
a progressive lung disease that resticts the air flow, which makes breathing difficult. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are the two main compnents of COPD
35
coccidiodomycosis
fungal disease affecting the lungs and sometimes other organs of the body
36
cor pulmonale
serious cardiac disease associated with chronic lung disorders, such as emphysema
37
croup
condition resulting from acute obstruction of the larynx
38
cystic fibrosis
hereditary disorder of exocrine glands characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract pancreatic deficiency, and other symptoms
39
deviated septum
one part of the nasal cavity is smalller because of malformation or injury of the nasal cavity
40
emphysema
stretching of the lung tissuecaused by the alveoli becoming distended and losing elasticity
41
epistaxis
nosebleed
42
influenza
highly infectious respiratory disease caused by a virus
43
legionnaire disease
a lobar pneumonia caused by the bacterium legionella pneuophila
44
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep, which leads to absenceof breathing; can produce daytime drowsiness and elevated blood pressure
45
Pertussis
Highly contagious bacterial infection of the respiratory tract characterized by an acute crowing inspiration, or whoop (also called whooping cough)
46
pleural effusion
fluid in the pleural space caused by a disease process or trauma
47
pulmonary edema
fluid accumulation in the alveoli and bronchioles
48
pulmonary embolism (PE)
matter forgein to the circulation, carried to the pulmonary artery and its branches, where it blocks circulation to the lungs and can be fatal if of sufficient size or number.
49
Tuberculosis
an infectious disease, caused by an acid-fast bacillus, most commonly spread by inhalation of small particles and usually affecting the lungs
50
upper respiratory infection (URI)
infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx (commonly called a cold)
51
Adenoidectomy
excision of the adenoids
52
adenotome
surgical instrument used to cut the adenoids
53
bronchoplasty
surgical repair of a bronchus
54
laryngectomy
excision of the larynx
55
laryngoplasty
surgical repair of the larynx
56
laryngostomy
creation of an artifical opening into the larynx
57
laryngotracheotomy
incision of the larynx and trachea
58
lobectomy
excision of a lobe (of the lung)
59
pleuropexy
surgical fixation of the pleura
60
pneumobronchotomy
incision of lung and bronchus
61
pneumonectomy
excision of a lung
62
rhinoplasty
surgical repair of the nose
63
septoplasty
incision into the nasal septum
64
sinusotomy
incision of a sinus
65
thoracocentesis
surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the chest cavity
66
thoracotomy
incision in the chest cavity
67
tonsillectomy
excision of the tonsils
68
tracheoplasty
surgical repair of the trachea
69
tracheostomy
creation of an artifical opening into the trachea
70
tracheotomy
incision of the trachea
71
bronchoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the bronchi
72
bronchoscopy
visual examination of the bronchi
73
endoscope
instrument used for visual examination within
74
endoscopic
pertaining to visual examination within
75
endoscopy
visual examination within
76
laryngoscope
instrument used for visual examination of the larynx
77
laryngoscopy
visual examination of the larynx
78
capnometer
instrument used to measure carbon dioxide
79
oximeter
instrument used to measure oxygen
80
spirometer
instrument used to measure breathing (or lung volume)
81
spriometry
a measurement of breathing (lung volume)
82
polysomnography (PSG)
process of recording many tests during sleep
83
chest computed tomography (CT) scan
computerized images of the chest created in sections sliced from front to back. Performed to diagnose tumors, abscesses, and pleural effusion. Computed tomography is used to visualize other body parts such as the abdomen and the brain.
84
Chest radiograph (CXR)
a radiographic image of the chest performed to evaluate the lungs and the heart (also called a chest x-ray)
85
ventilation-perfusion scanning (VPS)
a nuclear medicine precedure performed to diagnose a pulmonary embolism and other conditions
86
acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear
a test performed on septum to determine the presence of acid-fast bacilli, which cause tuberculosis
87
arterial blood gases (ABGs)
a test performed on arterial blood to determine levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other gases present
88
peak flow meter (PFM)
a portable instrument used to measure how fast air can be pushed out the lung; used to help monitor asthma and adjust medication accordingly
89
pulmonary function test (PFTs)
a group of tests performed to measure breathing and used to determing respiratory function
90
pulse oximetry
a noninvasive method of measuring oxygen in the blood by using a device that attaches to the finertip
91
auscultation
the act of listening for sounds within the body through a stethoscope.
92
percussion
the act of tapping of a body surface with the fingers to determine the density of te part beneath by the sound obtained. The dull sound indicates the presence of fluid in a body space or cavity such as in the pleural space
93
PPD (purified protein derivative) skin test
a test performed on individuals who have recently been exposed to tuberculosis.
94
stethoscope
an instrument used to hear internal body sounds; used for performing auscultation and blood pressure measurement
95
acapnia
condition of absence (less than normal level) of carbon dioxide (in the blood)
96
alveolar
pertaining to the alveolus
97
anoxia
condition of the absence (deficiency) of oxygen
98
aphonia
condition of absence of voice
99
apnea
absence of breathing
100
bronchoalveolar
pertaining to the bronchi and alveoli
101
bronchospasm
spasmodic contraction in the bronchi
102
diaphragmatic
pertaining to the diaphragm
103
dysphonia
condition of difficult speaking (voice)
104
dyspnea
difficult breathing
105
endotracheal
pertaining to within the trachea
106
eupnea
normal breathing
107
hypercapnia
condition of excess carbon dioxide (in the blood)
108
hypernea
exessive breathing
109
hypocapnia
condition of deficient carbon dioxide (in the blood)
110
hyponea
deficient breathing
111
hypoxemia
condition of deficient oxygen in the blood
112
hypoxia
condition of deficient oxyen (to the tissue)
113
intrapleural
pertaining to within the pleura (space between the two pleural membranes)
114
laryngeal
pertaining to the larynx
115
laryngospasm
spasmodic contraction of the larynx
116
mucoid
resembling mucus
117
mucous
pertaining to mucus
118
nasopharyngeal
pertaining to the nose and pharynx
119
orthopnea
able to breathe easier in a straight (upright) position
120
phrenalgia
pain in the diaphragm
121
phrenospasm
spasm of the diaphragm
122
pulmonary
pertaining to the lungs
123
pulmonologist
a physician who studies and treats diseases of the lung
124
pulmnology
study of the lung (a branch of medicine dealing with diseases of the lung)
125
rhinorrhea
discharge from the nose (as in a cold)
126
tachypnea
rapid breathing
127
thoracic
pertaining to the chest
128
airway
passageway by which air enters and leaves the lungs as well as a mechanical device used to keep the air passageway unobstructed
129
asphyxia
deprivation of oxygen for tissue usel suffocation
130
aspirate
to withdraw fluid or suction fluid; also to draw foreign material into the respiratory tract
131
bronchoconstrictor
agent causing narrowing of the bronchi
132
bronchodilator
agent causing the bronchi to widen
133
cough
sudden, noisy expulsion of air from the lungs
134
hiccup
sudden catching of breath with a spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm
135
hyperventilation
ventilation of the lungs beyond normal body needs
136
hypoventilation
ventilation of the lungs that does not fullfill the body's gas exchange needs
137
mucopurulent
containing both mucus and pus
138
mucus
slimy fluid secreted by the mucous membranes
139
nebulizer
device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment
140
nosocomial infection
an infection acquired during hospitalization
141
paroxysm
periodic, sudden attack
142
patent
open, the opposite of closed or compromised, thus allowing passage of air, as in patent trachea and bronchi
143
sputum
muccous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea expelled through the mouth
144
ventilator
mechanical device used to assist with or substitute for breathing
145
ABGs
arterial blood gases
146
AFB
acid-fast bacilli
147
ARDS
acute respiratory distress syndrome
148
CF
cystic fibrosis
149
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
150
CT
computed tomography
151
CXR
chest radiograph
152
flu
influenza
153
LLL
left lower lobe
154
LTB
Laryngotracheobronchitis
155
LUL
Left Upper Lobe
156
OSA
obstructive sleep disorder
157
PE
pulmonary embolism
158
PFM
peak flow meter
159
PFTs
pulmonary function test
160
PSG
polysomnography
161
RLL
Right Lower Lobe
162
RML
Right Middle Lobe
163
RUL
Right Upper Lobe
164
SOB
shortness of breath
165
TB
tuberculosis
166
URI
Upper respiratory infection
167
VPS
ventilation-perfussion scanning
168
Lungs
two spongelike organs in the thoracic cavity. The right lung consists of three lobes and the left lung has two.
169
Pleura
Double folded serous membrane covering each lung and lining the thoracic cavity with a small spave between, called the pleural cavity, which contains serous fluid.
170
Diaphragm
muscular partition that seperates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. It aids in the breathing process by contracting and pulling air in, then relaxing and pushing air out.
171
Mediastinum
space between te lungs. It contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, great blood vessels, and other structures.
172
Adenoid/o
Adenoids
173
alveol/o
alveolus
174
bronchi/o, bronch/o
bronchus
175
diaphragmat/o, phren/o
diaphragm
176
epiglott/o
epiglottis
177
laryng/o
larynx
178
lob/o
lobe
179
nas/o, rhin/o
nose
180
pharyng/o
pharynx
181
pleur/o
pleura
182
pneum/o, pneumat/o, pneumon/o
lung, air
183
pulmon/o
lung
184
sept/o
septum (wall off, fence)
185
sinus/o
sinus
186
thorac/o
thorax (chest)
187
tonsill/o
tonsil
188
atel/o
imperfect, incomplete
189
capn/o
carbon dioxide
190
hem/o, hemat/o
blood
191
muc/o
mucus
192
orth/o
straight
193
ox/i, ox/o
oxygen
194
phon/o
sound, voice
195
py/o
pus
196
somn/o
sleep
197
spir/o
breathe, breathing
198
a-, an-
absence of, without
199
endo-
within
200
eu-
normal, good
201
pan-
all, total
202
poly-
many, much
203
tachy-
fast, rapid
204
-algia
pain
205
-ar, -ary, -eal
pertaining to
206
-cele
hernia or protrusion
207
-centesis
surgical puncture to aspirate fluid (with a sterile needle)
208
-ectasis
stretching out, dilatation, expansion
209
-emia
blood condition
210
-graphy
process of recording, radiographic
211
-meter
insturment used to measure
212
-metry
measurement
213
-pexy
surgical fixation, suspension
214
-pnea
breathing
215
-rrhagia
rapid flow of blood
216
-scope
insturment used for visual examination
217
-scopic
pertianing to visual examination
218
-scopy
visual examination
219
-spasm
sudden, involuntary muscle contraction
220
-stenosis
constriction or narrowing
221
-stomy
creation of an artifical opening
222
-thorax
chest
223
-tomy
cut into or incision
