Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy 1 > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

(70 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is a process?

A

The sticky outy bit on a vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the boundaries of the superior thoracic aperture?

A

Posteriorly: T1 vertebra
Medial border of the first rib
Superiorly: border of the manubrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the diaphragm attached to (in general terms)?

A

Ribs and costal cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the boundaries of the inferior thoracic aperture?

A

Costal margin of ribs 11 and 12
Posteriorly: 12 thoracic vertebrae
Anteriorly: the xiphoid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the collective name for the stuff that runs in the costal groove of each intercostal space?

A

Neurovascular bundle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why is rib 1 important clinically?

A

Has a close relationship with the lower nerves of the brachial plexus and the main vessels of the arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many intercostal spaces are there?

A

11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How many layers of intercostal muscle are there?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the names of the three types of intercostal muscle?

A

Innermost, internal and external

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What direction do the external intercostal muscles go in?

A

Muscle fibres go anterior and medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What direction do the internal intercostal muscles go in?

A

At right angles to the external (superior and medial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What direction do the innermost intercostal muscles go in?

A

Follow same direction as internal intercostal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where does the external intercostal muscle start and attach to?

A

Starts on the inferior border of the ribs and attaches to the superior border of the immediate rib below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where does the internal intercostal muscle start and attach to?

A

Begins on the costal groove of the ribs and ends on the superior border of the immediate rib below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does the innermost intercostal muscle start and attach to?

A

Costal groove of the ribs and ends on the superior border of the rib below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How can you change the vertical diameter of the thoracic cage?

A

Diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How can you change the anterioposterior diameter of the thoracic cage?

A

Ribs slope down at the sternal end (first rib is fixed and the intercostal muscles contract, which bring the ribs closer together)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How can you change the transverse diameter of the thoracic cage?

A

Ribs articulate in front with the sternum and behind with the vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where is the diaphragm attached to?

A

Xiphisternum, costal margin (CC-10 and ribs 12 and 11), lumbar vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are crura?

A

Extensions/elongated structures often found in pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the diaphragm consist of?

A

Peripheral muscular part and centrally placed tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What happens to the diaphragm on contraction?

A

Pulls down the central tendon and increases the vertical diameter of the thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What nerve innervates the diaphragm?

A

Phrenic nerve ( vertebrae C3, C4 and C5)

C3,4,5 keeps the diaphragm alive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where does the right crus arise from?

A

L1-L3 and their vertebral discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Which parts of the diaphragm arise from the vertebrae?
The left and right crus
26
What does the right crus do?
Surround the oesophageal opening, acting as a physiological sphincter to prevent reflux of gastric contents into the oesophagus
27
What is the larynx?
Upper respiratory tract
28
What is the pharynx?
Upper oesophageal tract
29
What are nasal conchae?
Curved shelves of bone
30
What is the space below a conchae called?
Meatus
31
What do the nasal conchae do?
Divide the nasal cavity into four air channels that increase the SA of air during inspiration
32
What is a sinus?
Air filled space
33
What are the four sinuses called?
Ethmoidal, sphenoid, maxillary and frontal
34
What are the Paranasal sinuses lined by?
Mucosa, cilia, mucous secretions
35
What are some possible functions of the paranasal sinuses?
Lighten the weight of the head, humidify and heat inhaled air, increase resonance or speech and to protect vital structures in the event of facial trauma
36
Which is the largest paranasal sinus?
Maxillary
37
What are tonsils?
Collections of lymphatic tissues located within the pharynx
38
What is waldeyers ring made up of?
Pharyngeal tonsil 2 tubal tonsils 2 palatine tonsils Lingual tonsil
39
What are the tonsils overall function?
First line of defence against pathogens entering through the nasopharynx or oropharynx
40
What are the three large unpaired cartilages in the larynx called?
Thyroid, cricoid and epiglottis
41
How many smaller cartilages are there in the larynx?
3
42
What is the hyoid bone?
What all the larynx is suspended from- only bone in the body that doesnt articulate with any other bone
43
What are involved in sound production?
True vocal folds
44
What are the false vocal folds involved in?
The closure of the larynx
45
What is the laryngeal ventricle?
Space between the true and false vocal folds
46
What is the carina?
Where the trachea bifocates
47
Why is it important that the tracheal cartilage is C shaped?
As during food swallowing the oesophagus bulges into the lumen of the trachea to make space for the food
48
Where does the trachea bifocate?
Behind the aortic arch (roughly the sternal angle)
49
How many alveolar ducts does each respiratory bronchiole bifocate into?
2-11
50
What is the pleura?
Smooth membrane that secretes serous fluid
51
What are the two layers of the pleura?
Parietal (body walls) | Visceral (lines organs)
52
How big is the pleural cavity?
Very small (monofilm layer)
53
Where do you find your cervical pleura?
Above your first rib and extends into the root of the neck
54
Where is the costal pleura?
Lining the internal surface of ribs and costal cartilage
55
Where is the diaphragmatic pleura?
Lines your diaphragm
56
Where is your costodiaphragmatic recess?
Space between your costal and diaphragmatic pleura
57
When is the costodiaphragmatic recess occupied and what by?
Occupied by lungs during inspiration
58
Where is the mediastinal pleura?
Lines the mediastinum
59
What is the pulmonary ligament?
A loose bit of pleura at the root of the lung
60
What is the purpose of the pulmonary ligament?
Allows for the movement of lungs during respiration
61
Where is the costomediastinal recess?
Between the costal and mediastinal parietal pleura
62
What is the costomediastinal recess occupied by?
The interior border of the lungs during a deeper inspiration
63
What is a fissure?
A narrow opening/ line of breakage between two structures
64
What is a lingula?
Tongue shaped projection
65
Where do you find the inferior border of the lungs?
Seperates base from costal and mediastinal surfaces
66
Where do you find the anterior and posterior border of the lungs?
Separate the costal and mediastinal surfaces anteriorly and posteriorly
67
What is the root of each lung?
Short, tubular collection of structures attaching the lung to the mediastinum
68
What is the lung root covered by?
A sleeve of mediastinal pleura that reflects onto the surface of the lungs
69
What does each lung root contain?
``` Pulmonary artery Two pulmonary veins A main bronchus Bronchial vessels Nerves and lymphatic ```
70
What supplies the lungs with blood?
Pulmonary and bronchial arteries

Anatomy 1 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions