Respiratory System Pt. 2 Flashcards
(32 cards)
Parietal pleura
-lines wall of thoracic cavity
Visceral pleura
-covers lungs
Pleural fluid
-reduces friction
Boyle’s law
relationship between pressure and volume of a gas; pressure varies inversely with volume.
Action of diaphragm
when diaphragm contracts, it moves interiorly and flattens out; increase volume thoracic cavity and now pressure decreases (inverse relationship)
Spirometry
is a measure of pulmonary function
Anatomical dead space
does not contribute to gas exchange; consist of air that remains in passageways
Alveolar dead space
space occupied by nonfunctional alveoli
Total dead space
sum of anatomical and alveolar dead space
Partial pressure
pressure exerted by each gas in mixture
Dalton’s law of partial pressures
total pressure exerted by mixture of gases is equal to sum pressures exerted by each gas
Henry’s Law
For gas mixture in contact with liquids
Solubility
CO2 is 20x more soluble in water than O2
There is more CO2 dissolved in?
Blood rather than O2
As temperature of liquid rises, solubility?
Increases
External and Internal respiration are driven by?
Partial pressure gradients
Internal respiration
diffusion of gases between blood and tissues
External respiration
diffusion of gases between blood and lungs
Gas exchange
between lungs and blood as as blood and tissues
Molecular O2 is carried in blood in two ways:
-1.5% is dissolved in plasma
-98.5% is loosely bound to each Fe of hemoglobin in RBCs
The higher to Partial O2, more O2 combines with?
Hemoglobin
In pulmonary capillaries, Partial O2 is high so?
A lot of O2 binds to HB
In tissues Partial O2 is low, that?
O2 is not held and unloaded
Factors that influence hemoglobin saturation?
-Partial oxygen (most important factor)
-temperature
-blood
-partial co 2
