Respiratory System pt.2

Question 1

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

To facilitate gas exchange, primarily oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal.

Question 2

True or False: The diaphragm is a muscle that plays a crucial role in breathing.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The process of inhaling is known as ______.

Answer 3

inspiration

Question 4

What structure is responsible for the sound production in the respiratory system?

Answer 4

The larynx

Question 5

What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs?

Answer 5

Alveoli

Question 6

Which two main parts make up the respiratory system?

Answer 6

The upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract.

Question 7

True or False: The trachea is commonly known as the windpipe.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is the role of the cilia in the respiratory system?

Answer 8

To trap and expel foreign particles and pathogens from the airways.

Question 9

What is the term for the exchange of gases between the blood and body tissues?

Answer 9

Internal respiration

Question 10

In which part of the respiratory system does the majority of gas exchange occur?

Answer 10

In the alveoli

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The ______ is a flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing.

Answer 11

epiglottis

Question 12

What is the primary muscle involved in the process of breathing?

Answer 12

The diaphragm

Question 13

True or False: Oxygen is transported in the blood primarily as dissolved gas.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What is the role of hemoglobin in the respiratory system?

Answer 14

To bind and transport oxygen in the blood.

Question 15

What can cause a decrease in lung capacity?

Answer 15

Conditions such as asthma, COPD, or lung fibrosis.

Question 16

Which gas is primarily responsible for stimulating breathing?

Answer 16

Carbon dioxide

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the main airway that leads from the throat to the lungs.

Answer 17

trachea

Question 18

What is the term for the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing?

Answer 18

Tidal volume

Question 19

True or False: The right lung has three lobes, while the left lung has two lobes.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What is the function of the pleura in the respiratory system?

Answer 20

To provide lubrication and reduce friction between the lungs and chest wall.

Question 21

What is the primary purpose of the nasal cavity?

Answer 21

To filter, warm, and humidify the air before it enters the lungs.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the part of the respiratory system that connects the pharynx to the trachea.

Answer 22

larynx

Question 23

What is a common disease that affects the respiratory system?

Answer 23

Asthma

Question 24

What is pulmonary circulation?

Answer 24

The flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the area in the lungs where the bronchi branch into smaller passages.

Answer 25

bronchial tree

Question 26

What is the function of surfactant in the lungs?

Answer 26

To reduce surface tension in the alveoli and prevent collapse.

Question 27

True or False: The respiratory system also plays a role in regulating blood pH.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

What is the name of the condition characterized by chronic obstruction of lung airflow?

Answer 28

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Question 29

What is the primary function of the lungs?

Answer 29

The primary function of the lungs is to facilitate gas exchange, primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Question 30

True or False: Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Fill in the blank: The process of gas exchange in the lungs is known as __________.

Answer 31

respiration

Question 32

What is the role of hemoglobin in gas exchange?

Answer 32

Hemoglobin binds to oxygen in the lungs and transports it to the tissues.

Question 33

Which gas is primarily exchanged for oxygen in the lungs?

Answer 33

Carbon dioxide

Question 34

Multiple choice: Which factor does NOT influence gas exchange efficiency? A) Surface area B) Thickness of the membrane C) Color of the lungs D) Partial pressure gradients

Answer 34

C) Color of the lungs

Question 35

What is the partial pressure of a gas?

Answer 35

The partial pressure of a gas is the pressure exerted by that gas in a mixture of gases.

Question 36

True or False: Increased surface area in the alveoli enhances gas exchange.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

What is the significance of the respiratory membrane thickness?

Answer 37

A thinner respiratory membrane allows for more efficient gas exchange.

Question 38

Fill in the blank: The primary site of gas exchange in the lungs is the __________.

Answer 38

alveoli

Question 39

Multiple choice: Which of the following conditions can impair gas exchange? A) High altitude B) Asthma C) Pneumonia D) All of the above

Answer 39

D) All of the above

Question 40

What role does surfactant play in the alveoli?

Answer 40

Surfactant reduces surface tension, preventing alveolar collapse and aiding in gas exchange.

Question 41

True or False: Gas exchange is a passive process driven by diffusion.

Answer 41

True

Question 42

What is the effect of increased ventilation on gas exchange?

Answer 42

Increased ventilation enhances gas exchange by increasing the availability of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide.

Question 43

Fill in the blank: The difference in partial pressures of gases between the alveoli and blood is known as the __________.

Answer 43

partial pressure gradient

Question 44

Multiple choice: Which factor affects the diffusion rate of gases? A) Temperature B) Molecular weight C) Surface area D) All of the above

Answer 44

D) All of the above

Question 45

What happens to gas exchange efficiency at high altitudes?

Answer 45

Gas exchange efficiency decreases due to lower partial pressures of oxygen.

Question 46

True or False: The respiratory rate does not influence gas exchange.

Answer 46

False

Question 47

What is the primary method by which carbon dioxide is transported in the blood?

Answer 47

Carbon dioxide is primarily transported as bicarbonate ions (HCO3-).

Question 48

Fill in the blank: The process of oxygen moving from the alveoli into the blood is called __________.

Answer 48

diffusion

Question 49

Multiple choice: Which of the following increases the efficiency of gas exchange? A) Decreased blood flow B) Increased alveolar surface area C) Thickened alveolar walls D) None of the above

Answer 49

B) Increased alveolar surface area

Question 50

What is the relationship between temperature and gas solubility in the lungs?

Answer 50

Higher temperatures decrease gas solubility, affecting gas exchange.

Question 51

True or False: The diaphragm plays a crucial role in ventilation.

Answer 51

True

Question 52

What is the effect of exercise on gas exchange?

Answer 52

Exercise increases the demand for oxygen and enhances gas exchange efficiency.

Question 53

Fill in the blank: The exchange of gases in the lungs is driven by differences in __________.

Answer 53

concentration

Question 54

Multiple choice: Which physiological factor can lead to impaired gas exchange? A) Anemia B) Hyperventilation C) Low blood pressure D) All of the above

Answer 54

A) Anemia

Question 55

What is the primary function of cilia in the respiratory tract?

Answer 55

Cilia help to clear mucus and debris from the airways, maintaining respiratory health.