Rest and Sleep

Question 1

What are the largest and most health impacting disorders

Answer 1

sleep disorders

Question 2

What is sleep influenced by

Answer 2

Our behavior and our interaction with the environment

Question 3

What are circadian rhythms

Answer 3

the 24 hr time patter of life

Question 4

What do circadian rhythms include

Answer 4

alert/awake, energy dips, and sleep

Question 5

What are typical circadian rhythms

Answer 5

Most alert in the morning, an early afternoon dip, energy for the remainder of the day, sleep at noon

Question 6

When is the circadian rhythm set

Answer 6

in childhood w/in the family pattern of awake-sleep time

Question 7

What are daily routines built on

Answer 7

circadian rhythms

Question 8

What do atypical circadian rhythms increase

Answer 8

likelihood of poor quality sleep and disrupted routines

Question 9

Who is more prone to disrupted circadian rhythms

Answer 9

shift workers, new moms, those w/ acute/chronic illness, metal illness, individuals w/ head injuries, those who are blind

Question 10

What does Zeltgeber mean

Answer 10

Time giver

Question 11

What is zeltgeber

Answer 11

a cue in nature that keeps the human body organized w/ a recurring and physiological 24 hr/day year cycle

Question 12

What is the most powerful zeltgeber

Answer 12

light

Question 13

What does constant availability of light cause

Answer 13

desynchronization of patterns and health problems

Question 14

What does zeltgeber provide

Answer 14

cues to the body clock needs to enact neurotransmitters

Question 15

What is change in light perceived by

Answer 15

the eyes

Question 16

What does melatonin do

Answer 16

causes the hypothalamus to slow body activities and brain functions, lower body temp, and initiates sleep

Question 17

What does light of day cause

Answer 17

histamine receptors to communicate w/ SCN and begin to wake the body

Question 18

What does compromised sleep or sleep deprivation cause

Answer 18

suppresses the immune system
extended sleep deprivation will cause a loss in thermoregulation of the body resulting in death after a few weeks of no sleep

Question 19

What is the role of sleep in recovery from illness

Answer 19

fever pushes pathogens out of the body also causes sleep which allows the body to increase supply of immune defenses

Question 20

What does decreased sleep do to cognition

Answer 20

Slower reaction time
lower performance on IQ tests
irritability
poor problem solving

Question 21

How is learning impacted

Answer 21

difficulty focusing
fidgeting
moody

Question 22

What are the stages of sleep

Answer 22

NREM non rapid eye movement

REM rapid eye movement

Question 23

What is the largest portion of sleep

Answer 23

NREM

Question 24

What are the 4 stages of NREM

Answer 24

1: When you begin to doze off. Very light sleep
2: Brian waves slow. Move towards deeper sleep
3-4: Deep sleep. Best rest. Immune system produces protective metabolic components

Question 25

What happens during REM

Answer 25

``` High brain activity looks more like a waking state on neurophysiological readings occurs 5-6 times/night Where dreams occur no body movement below neck no body temp regulation happens ```

Question 26

What do typical sleep patterns include

Answer 26

several cycles from NREM stages 1-3 and the REM

Question 27

When are cycles shorter

Answer 27

at the beginning of sleep but last about 90 min

Question 28

When is the deepest and best quality of REM sleep

Answer 28

early morning

Question 29

What happens if sleep is interrupted

Answer 29

it returns to the beginning of the cycle

Question 30

What are the social contexts of sleep

Answer 30

Bed sharing, sharing bedtime routines, activities which occur in bed before sleep, impact of illness/sleep problems on both persons, bed sharing with infants/kids

Question 31

What are the temporal contexts of sleep

Answer 31

shaped by the physiological timing, personal and family routine, sleep hygiene

Question 32

What are the spatial contexts of sleep

Answer 32

light, temp, sound, air quality, sleep furnishings, keep bedroom peaceful and uncluttered

Question 33

Who has the shortest healthy sleep cycles

Answer 33

infants

Question 34

When does a more stable sleep pattern develop

Answer 34

3 months

Question 35

What can lack of sleep do in infants and children

Answer 35

impact development

Question 36

What can kids appear as when sleep deprived

Answer 36

hyper rather than drowsy

Question 37

When do melatonin levels begin to drop

Answer 37

in adolescence

Question 38

What are characteristics of sleep in adolescence

Answer 38

need less sleep than children as a whole are chronically sleep deprived problems w/ sleep may indicate other concerns (depression, substance abuse) Typically prefer to stay up late and sleep later in the AM

Question 39

How many hours of sleep should adults get

Answer 39

8

Question 40

Things that can disrupt adult sleep

Answer 40

Schedules Children Bed partner Pets

Question 41

What stage of sleep do elderly have more of

Answer 41

More stage 1 than 4

Question 42

What kind of issues affect elderly sleep

Answer 42

``` diabetes cardiovascular issues chronic pain noctuna breathing issues loss of a partner environmental issues ```

Question 43

What is the physical condition of tiredness due to

Answer 43

inadequate sleep

Question 44

What can lead to sleep debt

Answer 44

lack of value placed on sleep | Lack of REM sleep

Question 45

What is an increasing problem in children

Answer 45

Sleep debt

Question 46

What is the most common sleep disorder

Answer 46

insomnias (5-50%)

Question 47

What are insomnias

Answer 47

Difficulty initiating sleep, staying asleep, getting enough sleep, or impaired sleep quality

Question 48

What are sleep-related breathing disorders

Answer 48

Respiration is impaired while sleeping

Question 49

Characteristics of sleep apnea

Answer 49

Causes brief awakenings-interrupts sleep cycle | Impacts sleep partner

Question 50

How is sleep apnea diagnosed

Answer 50

Through a sleep study

Question 51

What are treatments for sleep apnea

Answer 51

Breathing machine surgery weight loss improved sleep hygiene

Question 52

What are hypersomnias

Answer 52

Excessive daytime sleepiness and difficulty staying awake during the day may fall asleep at inappropriate times or present as hyperactivity

Question 53

What is the most common hypersomina

Answer 53

narcolepsy

Question 54

What are circadian rhythm sleep disorders

Answer 54

sleep patterns which are out of sync w/ society's expectations of the time for sleep delayed sleep

Question 55

Who is prone to circadian rhythm sleep disorders

Answer 55

shift workers

Question 56

What are parasomnias

Answer 56

Actions that happen during sleep that are either experienced or physical in nature (undesirable and person may be unaware of them)

Question 57

What are kinds of parasomnias

Answer 57

Bruxism Sleep wakling Sleep terros

Question 58

What is bruxism

Answer 58

grinding teeth

Question 59

Who do parasomnias occur in

Answer 59

adults and children

Question 60

What are sleep-related movement disorders

Answer 60

Body moves involuntarily during sleep

Question 61

What is an example of sleep-related movement disorder

Answer 61

Restless leg

Question 62

What is restless leg syndrome

Answer 62

Sensation of something crawling inside legs/arms restlessness daytime sleepiness can be painful

Question 63

Who is restless leg more common in

Answer 63

woman than men

Question 64

Those at risk for sleep problems

Answer 64

``` psychiatric d/o neurological d/o alzheimers movement and breathing limitations factory workers, truckers, pilots, parents, caregivers ```

Question 65

What is the role of OT in sleep

Answer 65

screen for sleep issues work on sleep hygiene adapt sleep environment

Question 66

Meds for sleep

Answer 66

Lunesta | tricyclis

Question 67

What is the foundation of all other occupations

Answer 67

sleep