Rest Of Chapters

Question 1

Management for K+ of 7.2 mmol/L ?

Answer 1

IV 10ml 10% calcium gluconate
10 units rapid acting insulin given in 100mls 20% dextrose over 30 mins

Consider salbutamol 10-20mg NEB

Question 2

Whats the risk of metformin in AKI?

Answer 2

Risk of lactic acidosis due to renal excretion mechanism

Question 3

What diabetic drug to give if not overweight?

Answer 3

Sulphonylurea - glipizide

Question 4

Classic side effects of vancomycin?

Answer 4

Nephrotoxocity and ototoxicity

Question 5

Check required before vancomycin use?

Answer 5

Kidney function/creatinine

Question 6

What drug to give concurrent if prescribing methotrexate ?

Answer 6

Folic acid

Question 7

What to check before starting methotrexate?

Answer 7

FBC, LFT, kidney fx

Question 8

What kind of toxicities can methotrexate cause

Answer 8

FBC, LFTs, lung, GI

Question 9

What to check before starting statin

Answer 9

LFT

Question 10

What to check before starting amiodarone

Answer 10

TFT, LFT, K+, U&Es

Question 11

What kind of toxicities can occur from amiodarone

Answer 11

Eyes, lft, lung, tft

Question 12

What to check before starting gentamicin

Answer 12

Kidney

Question 13

What to check before starting olanzipine

Answer 13

Fasting blood glucose

Question 14

Drugs to avoid in pregnancy

Answer 14

Antibiotics
tetracyclines
aminoglycosides
sulphonamides and trimethoprim
quinolones

Other drugs
ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists
statins
warfarin
sulfonylureas
retinoids (including topical)
cytotoxic agents

Question 15

Whats the increment or decrement amounts for levothyroxine?

Answer 15

25-50micrograms

Question 16

What antiepileptic drug might cause a low sodium?

Answer 16

Carbamazepine - SIADH

Question 17

What paradoxical thing might happen when aggressively loading someone with IV fluids?

Answer 17

Might get increase urine output - must match urine output/hour with fluid input/hour

Question 18

What to do when on broad spectrum antibiotics and ppi?

Answer 18

Stop ppi

Question 19

What GI symptoms can a PPI like lansoprazole cause?

Answer 19

Diarrhea or constipation, abdominal pain

Question 20

In t1dm and DKA, how should insulin requirement be managed?

Answer 20

Stopped quick acting insulin, continue long acting insulin, start fixed rate IV insulin infusion

Question 21

What opiate is suitable for use in AKI or renal impairment?

Answer 21

Oxycodone

Question 22

What to do with amiodarone if in thyrotoxicosis?

Answer 22

Stop amiodarone

Question 23

prednisolone does what to WCC?

Answer 23

slightly raise

Question 24

side effects of steroids

DEMONIC SHIRT

Answer 24

Diabetes
Edema
Mood swings/depression/delirium
Osteoporosis
Necrosis of fem head
Infection
Cushings/cataracts

Skin thinning/striae
Hirsutism/hypertension
Impaired wound healing
R/L heart failure
Tummy ulcers

Question 25

treating congestive heart failure UNLOAD FAST

Answer 25

``` Upright Nitrates Loop diuretic (furusemide) Oxygen ACEi Digoxin ``` Fluids (decrease) Afteroid (decrease Sodium restriction Test (digoxin level, ABGs, potassium)

Question 26

what time to take sulphonylureas?

Answer 26

morning - avoid overnight hypos

Question 27

definition of flare of ulcerative colitis?

Answer 27

more than 6 bowel movements and unwell

Question 28

what to do in severe flare of ulcerative colitis?

Answer 28

IV hydrocortisone and IV fluids

Question 29

what to do in mild flare of ulcerative colitis?

Answer 29

oral prednisolone 30mg over 24 hours

Question 30

In UTI if eGFR is 39, which antibiotic is preferred?

Answer 30

Trimethoprim

Question 31

What kind drugs interact with hormonal contraceptive pills?

Answer 31

Anti-epileptics e.g topiramate, thalidomide

Question 32

What is the more common side effect of beta blocker other than bradycardia

Answer 32

Erectile dysfunction

Question 33

What electrolyte imbalance can dalteparin cause?

Answer 33

Hyperkalaemia

Question 34

What should be done with allopurinol in AKI?

Answer 34

Withhold due to renal accumulation

Question 35

What can co-amoxiclav do to skin color

Answer 35

Jaundice - hepatotoxic

Question 36

What patient parameter should be used to monitor response to furosemide in fluid overload?

Answer 36

Weight

Question 37

What patient parameter should be used to monitor response to ACEI in heart failure?

Answer 37

Exercise tolerance

Question 38

By how many % is safe to increase insulin dose?

Answer 38

10%

Question 39

Risk of too much low molecular weight heparin ?

Answer 39

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia