Retroperitoneum

Question 1

What are primary retroperitoneal structures? x6

Answer 1

Abdominal aorta and its branches Inferior vena cava and its tributaries Kidneys & ureters Adrenal glands Nerves (lumbar plexus & sympathetic trunk) Oesophagus These structures developed outside the parietal peritoneum. They never had a mesentery.

Question 2

Which part of small intestine is retroperitoneal?

Answer 2

Duodenum

Question 3

Which part of duodenum has a mesentery

Answer 3

1st 2cm

Question 4

Which part of duodenum do pancreas and gall bladder open into?

Answer 4

2nd part

Question 5

What structures are near the first part of the duodenum?

Answer 5

The first part of the duodenum is anterior to the common bile duct, the hepatic portal vein and the gastroduodenal artery.

Question 6

What structures open into the second part of the duodenum?

Answer 6

The common bile duct and the pancreatic duct open into the duodenum through the ampulla of vater. There is a small lump in the duodenum at this point called the major duodenal papilla. The release of substances from the ampulla of vater is controlled by the sphincter of Oddi.

Question 7

What are the four parts of the duodenum and how long are each of them?

Answer 7

Superior - 1.5 cm Descending - 2.7 - 10 cm Inferior - 3.6 - 8 cm Ascending - 4.5 cm

Question 8

What structures are close to the third part of the duodenum?

Answer 8

Superior mesenteric artery and vein cross anteriorly.

Question 9

What part of the pancreas is intraperitoneal?

Answer 9

Tail of the pancreas (it is encased by the splenorenal ligament)

Question 10

What is the pancreas derived from?

Answer 10

The ventral pancreatic bud and the dorsal pancreatic bud