REVEL Chapter Quiz: Theories of Personality Flashcards
(20 cards)
If you are describing characteristics of your child such as irritability or adaptability, psychologists would say you are not describing his or her personality but rather his or her __________.
temperament
According to Freud, the __________ works off of the pleasure principle, while the __________ is often perceived as the executive director of your personality.
id, ego
You are shocked to hear that two of your coworkers who seemingly hated one another are now getting married. According to Freud, what defense mechanism best explains their prior behavior?
reaction formation
Four-year-old Brandon has watched his father as he has mowed the lawn. This year, Brandon has asked for a lawn mower of his own for his birthday. Freud would say that Brandon is beginning the process of __________ as a way of resolving his Oedipal conflict.
identification
Your professor explains how all females have an inner masculine side that adds to their personality. This concept is known as a(n) __________.
animus
According to Adler, the defense mechanism of __________ is important in our personality development, as we attempt to overcome feelings of inferiority.
compensation
Karen Horney’s study of one’s personality focused on __________.
Karen Horney’s study of one’s personality focused on __________.
Ginger believes that fate will help her find the right man with whom to live her life. According to Rotter, she has a(n) __________.
external locus of control
Letty works hard at her job because she believes it will increase her chances for a promotion. According to Julian Rotter’s theory, her effort is an example of what he calls __________.
expectancy
What is a primary advantage of the social cognitive view of personality over the psychodynamic view?
The social cognitive view has concepts that can be tested scientifically.
Which perspective of psychology focuses on the role of each person’s conscious life experiences and choices in personality development?
humanistic
An old motto of the U.S. Army was, “Be all you can be.” This concept fits well with Carl Rogers’s theory of __________.
self-actualizing tendency
According to Rogers, a mismatch between the real and ideal self __________.
can result in anxiety and neurotic behavior
Dr. Hill is constantly late for meetings. She often arrives to her classes 5 to 10 minutes late and leaves students waiting at her door during office hours for up to 30 minutes. Using the five-factor model, which dimension would show a very low score for Dr. Hill?
conscientiousness
To explain an individual’s personality, trait theorists would look to __________.
the constellation of personality characteristics possessed by the person
Personality neuroscience is an emerging field offering evidence of a possible relationship between various aspects of personality and __________.
brain structure and function
Studies of the heritability of personality traits have found __________.
strong evidence to support the belief that some personality traits can be passed on by genetics
Which type of assessment would be the most reliable?
personality inventory
The __________ is based on the five-factor model, while __________ is based on the work of Raymond Cattell.
NEO-PI-3, 16PF
As examples of what might be required as parts of specific projective tests, the __________ asks clients to look at a picture and tell a story while the __________ asks clients to report everything they see in an ambiguous figure.
Thematic Apperception Test, Rorschach
