Reveloutions of the 18th century Flashcards
(60 cards)
What name was given to Britain’s colonies in North America?
Thirteen Colonies
Who created the Thirteen Colonies?
British colonists who travelled from Britain to North America
What was the name of the first British settlement in North America?
Jamestown(in Virginia)
Which group of people were already living in North America when the British colonised it?
Native Americans
What name was given to poor men from Britain and Europe who travelled to America to work on plantations for a set number of years?
Indentured servants
Who did most people living in the Thirteen Colonies see themselves as loyal to?
The British monarch
Who was the most powerful person in each colony, and who were they chosen by?
Governor, chosen by the monarch
What was the name of the mini-parliaments elected in each colony that had the power to pass laws and raise taxes?
Colonial assemblies
Who had the right to vote for these mini-parliaments?
White men who owned land
Whatwas the policy towards religion in most of the Thirteen Colonies?
Freedom of religion for Protestants
What aspect of the Thirteen Colonies did the British parliament try to control?
Trade
What name is given to the period of European history in the eighteenth centurywhen there were new politicaland scientific ideas?
The Enlightenment
What did John Locke argue about the power of governments?
Their power should be limited
What rights did Enlightenment thinkers believe all people were born with?
Liberty, property, speech
Who did Rousseau think should have a say in choosing laws?
The people
In the 1760s, what did the British government start needing the colonists to contribute to the cost of.
Defending British colonies in America
What was different about the tax introduced by parliament in 1765, compared to previous taxes?
Paid by colonists within the colonies, not just on trade
Why did colonists oppose this tax?
They didn’t have a say in it
4.What phrase became popular amongst the colonists and expressed why they were opposed to parliament’s taxes?‘
No representation without taxation’
Which product did parliament continue to tax after 1770?
Tea
6.What was the name of the 1773 law that made it harder for the colonists to smuggle tea into the Thirteen Colonies and avoid paying tax on it?
Tea Act
What name was given to the protest when 41 tons of tea was throwninto Boston harbour?
Boston Tea Party
Which set of laws was passed by parliament in response to protests such as the Boston Tea Party?
Coercive / Intolerable Acts
At which meeting in 1774 did representatives from most of the Thirteen Colonies meet togetherto unite against Britain?
Continental Congress
