REVIEW

Question 1

hybridization of linear

Answer 1

sp
2 electron groups

Question 2

hybridization of trigonal planar

Answer 2

sp2
3 e

Question 3

hybridization of tetrahedral

Answer 3

sp3
4 e

Question 4

hybridization of trigonal bipyramidal

Answer 4

sp3d
5 e

Question 5

hybridization of octahedral

Answer 5

sp3d2
6

Question 6

When is a molecule more stable?

Answer 6

stability increases with bond order
more in bonding

Question 7

when is a molecule paramagnetic?

Answer 7

when there is an unpaired electron in the MO diagram

Question 8

how to calculate bond order?

Answer 8

1/2(#e bonding - #e antibonding)

Question 9

Large band gap?

Answer 9

insulator

Question 10

small band gap?

Answer 10

conductor

Question 11

Intermediate band gap?

Answer 11

semiconductor

Question 12

what are n type semiconductors?

Answer 12

when dopant has one more valence electron than the material in the band
STUFF IN CONDUCTION

Question 13

what are p type semiconductors?

Answer 13

When dopant has one less valence electron
STUFF IN VALENCE BAND

Question 14

How are esters formed?

Answer 14

condensation reactions between carboxylic acids and alcohols

Question 15

what are structural isomers?

Answer 15

same amt of C and H but different connectivity

Question 16

What are geometric isomers?

Answer 16

isomers with double bond that can ROTATE to form different things

Question 17

what are structural isomers?

Answer 17

same amt of C and H but different connectivity

Question 18

What are cis isomers?

Answer 18

when atoms are on the same side

Question 19

What are trans isomers?

Answer 19

atoms on opposite sides

Question 20

Characteristics of optical isomers?

Answer 20

must be sp3 hybridized with FOUR different groups

Question 21

Substitution Reactions

Answer 21

Reaction when a group is replaced by another

Question 22

Addition Reactions

Answer 22

Alkene or alkyne is made into an alkane by breaking the double or triple bond

Question 23

Elimination reaction

Answer 23

Take out a molecule to make into alkene or alkyne

Question 24

Oxidation reaction

Answer 24

take out H and add O

Question 25

Stages for primary alcohol oxidation

Answer 25

Primary alcohol aldehyde carboxylic acid

Question 26

Stages for secondary alcohol oxidation

Answer 26

secondary alcohol ketone

Question 27

Reduction reaction

Answer 27

reversal of oxidation

Question 28

How are amides formed?

Answer 28

condensation reaction between carboxylic acid and amine

Question 29

Combustion?

Answer 29

hydrocarbon -> CO2 and Water

Question 30

Condensation polymer?

Answer 30

Polymers with esters or amides on the polymeric backbone

Question 31

Addition polymer?

Answer 31

Polymers with carbon bonds as base monomer must be unsaturated

Question 32

Which plastic is the only condensation polymer?

Answer 32

Polyethylene terephthalate number 1

Question 33

What do amino acids make?

Answer 33

proteins and polypeptides

Question 34

what are triglycerides made of?

Answer 34

glycerol and fatty acids

Question 35

What are lipids?

Answer 35

Water insoluble natural products Dissolve in non-polar solvents. Relatively non-polar with large segments that are hydrocarbon-like

Question 36

What is DNA and RNA

Answer 36

nucleic acid

Question 37

Sugars?

Answer 37

starch and cellulose and polysaccharides

Question 38

How to identify limiting reactant?

Answer 38

whatever component runs out first

Question 39

Dilution formula?

Answer 39

MV=MV

Question 40

What atoms will always make a compound soluble in water?

Answer 40

LI+, Na+, K+, NH4+, NO3-, C2H5O2-

Question 41

What atoms will always make a compound insoluble>

Answer 41

S2-, CO3 2-, PO4 3- (Unless paired with the soluble atoms)

Question 42

When is a net ionic equation a reaction?

Answer 42

if aqueous turns to solid liquid or gas

Question 43

When is a net ionic equation not reactive?

Answer 43

when everything stays aqueous